UNITED NATIONS m Distr. GENERAL E/CN .4/I982 /SR.II 10 F e b r u a r y I 9 8 2 Original : ENGLISH ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNC COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS Thirty-eighth session SUMMARY RECORD OF THE 11th MEETING h e l d a t t h e P a l a i s des Nations', Geneva, on Monday, 8 F e b r u a r y 1982, a t 4 - 3 0 p.m. Chairman : Mr. GARVALOV (Bulgaria) CONTENTS Q u e s t i o n o f t h e v i o l a t i o n o f human r i g h t s i n t h e o c c u p i e d Arab t e r r i t o r i e s , i n c l u d i n g P a l e s t i n e (continued) The r i g h t o f p e o p l e s t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n and i t s a p p l i c a t i o n t o p e o p l e s under c o l o n i a l or a l i e n domination o r f o r e i g n occupation (continued) This record i s subject t o c o r r e c t i o n . C o r r e c t i o n s s h o u l d be s u b m i t t e d i n one o f t h e w o r k i n g l a n g u a g e s . They s h o u l d be s e t f o r t h i n a memorandum and a l s o i n c o r p o r a t e d i n a copy o f t h e r e c o r d . They should be sent w i t h i n one week o f t h e date o f t h i s document t o t h e O f f i c i a l Records E d i t i n g S e c t i o n , room E . 6 I O 8 , P a l a i s des N a t i o n s , Geneva. Any c o r r e c t i o n s t o t h e r e c o r d s o f t h e meetings o f t h i s s e s s i o n w i l l be c o n s o l i d a t e d i n a s i n g l e c o r r i g e n d u m , t o be i s s u e d s h o r t l y a f t e r t h e end o f t h e session. GE. 82-15345 /(.4/1982/311.11 page 2 The meeting ^was^called t o o r d e r a t 4. 40 y.m, qOESTIOF OF THE VIOLATIOH OP EIGHTS I N THE OCCHPIED ARAB TERRITORIES, , INCLTJDING PALESTINE (Agenda i t e m 4) ( c o n t i n u e d ) ( E / C N . 4 / 1 4 Q I , 1482, I405 and A d d . l ; A/56/706-S/14T62 ; E/CH .4/1902 /L .5) THE EIGHT OF PEOPLES TO - ^ A M ITS APPLICATION TO PEOPLES COLONIAL OR ALIEN DOIIINATION OR FOREIGN OCCUPATION (Agenda i t e m 9) ( c o n t i n u e d ) (E/CN.4/1477 and A d d . l , 1487, 1490, 1491, 1^-98; E/CH. 4/1 982/3 and 6; E/CH. 4/1982/ L. 2 and L.4) 1. i J r . POUYOUROS (Cyprus) s a i d t h a t the i l l e g a l f o r e i g n o c c u p a t i o n o f the t e r r i t o r i e s o f the P a l e s t i n i a n people and the c o n t i n u e d g r o s s v i o l a t i o n o f t h e i r fundamental human r i g h t s , i n c l u d i n g the r i g h t t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n and s o v e r e i g n s t a t e h o o d , t o g e t h e r v/ith the a n n e x a t i o n o f t e r r i t o r y , e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f s e t t l e m e n t s and e x p r o p r i a t i o n o f p r o p e r t y , v/ere a c t s i n f l a g r a n t v i o l a t i o n o f the C h a r t e r , U n i t e d N a t i o n s r e s o l u t i o n s and the b a s i c p r e c e p t s o f i n t e r n a t i o n a l lav/, as v / e l l as a t h r e a t to i n t e r n a t i o n a l peace.. Attempts t o change the l e g a l s t a t u s and the demographic c o m p o s i t i o n o f i l l e g a l l y o c c u p i e d t e r r i t o r i e s by such means, v/hether i n P a l e s t i n e , o t h e r o c c u p i e d Arab t e r r i t o r i e s , s o u t h e r n A f r i c a o r elsev/here, t a r n i s h e d the pages o f h i s t o r y . 2. The t r a g i c case o f the P a l e s t i n i a n and o t h e r p e o p l e s i n v a r i o u s p a r t s o f the v/orld, and the c o n t i n u a n c e o f f o r e i g n d o m i n a t i o n and i l l e g a l o c c u p a t i o n d e s p i t e numerous r e s o l u t i o n s by the G e n e r a l Assembly, the Economic and S o c i a l C o u n c i l and the Commi's-sion, v/ould seem to i n d i c a t e t h a t the v/orld c o n t a i n e d t h r e e c a t e g o r i e s o f S t a t e s and p e o p l e s ; those v/ith the pov/er and p r i v i l e g e t o enjoy b a s i c human r i g h t s w i t h o u t e x t e r n a l i n t e r v e n t i o n ; those v/ho had the povier ajid a u t h o r i t y s y s t e m a t i c a l l y t o deny o t h e r p e o p l e s those r i g h t s by the use o f f o r c e ; and those who s u f f e r e d continuous d e p r i v a t i o n o f t h e i r human r i g h t s t h r o u g h f o r e i g n d o m i n a t i o n , o c c u p a t i o n or intervention. I t was abundantly c l e a r t h a t the fundamental human r i g h t s o f a l l p e o p l e s , i n c l u d i n g the r i g h t s to independence, s o v e r e i g n t y and s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n e n s h r i n e d i n the C h a r t e r and o t h e r i n t e m a t i o n a i i n s t r u m e n t s , c o u l d n o t , under any p r e t e x t , be d i s r e g a r d e d . To b e l i e v e o t h e r w i s e v/ould be to i n v i t e i n t e m a t i o n a i anarchy and d i s o r d e r ; no pov/er o r excuso c o u l d ever j u s t i i y the v i o l a t i o n o f those human r i g h t s . Every S t a t e Member o f the U n i t e d N a t i o n s load the i n d i s p u t a b l e r i g h t t o demand r e s p e c t f o r i t s n a t i o n a l independence, s o v e r e i g n t y and s e l f - d e t e i m i n a t i o n ; but those S t a t e s had the even w e i g h t i e r r e s p o n s i b i l i t y o f r e s p e c t i n g the same r i g h t s of other peoples. H i s d e l e g a t i o n t h e r e f o r e b e l i e v e d t h a t the Commission should bear i n mind t h e g r a v i t y o f the s i t u a t i o n and c o n s i d e r what d e c i s i o n s and a c t i o n would promote the speedy r e a l i z a t i o n o f the P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e ' s human r i g h t s and fundamental freedoms^thus r e s t o r i n g peace and o r d e r t o the r e g i o n . 3. íü?. JAKL (Zimbabwe) s a i d t h a t the presence o f Zimbabwe, vihich had r e c e n t l y been a n a t i o n o f e n s l a v e d p e o p l e , as an e q u a l p a r t n e r i n the community o f n a t i o n s symbolized t h e u n t i r i n g e f f o r t s o f .the U n i t e d N a t i o n s t o a c h i e v e j u s t i c e and peace eve2?yv'/here, H i s d e l e g a t i o n v/as g r a t e f u l t o the i n t e r n a t i o n a l community f o r i t s concern f o r human d i g n i t y and r i g h t s and i t s e f f o r t s t o ensure t h a t they were e x e r c i s e d i n an independent Zimbabv/e. H i s c o u n t r y v/ovild c o n t i n u e t o uphold the r i g h t o f p e o p l e s everywhere t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n . E/CN .4 /1982/SR.11 page 3 , 4. Zimbabwe had r e c o g n i z e d the Sahrawi R e p u b l i c and the P o l i s a r i o F r o n t as the s o l e and a u t h e n t i c r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f the .Sahn?awi p e o p l e . That p o s i t i o n was i n l i n e w i t h the a d v i s o r y o p i n i o n of the I n t e r n a . t i o n a l Court o f J u s t i c e o f 1974 c o n c e r r i i n g the. l e g a l consequences f o r S t a t e s of Morocco's c o n t i n u e d p r e s e n c e inWestern Sahara; i t wa,s a l s o consonant w i t h General'Aa.sembly r e s o l u t i o n 2627 (XXV). Morocco's c o n t i n u e d presence i n the r e g i o n v i o l a t e d the p r o v i s i o n s of the C h a r t e r and the UniversaJ. P e c l a r a t i o n of Human R i g h t s , w h i c h Morocco had endorsed, as w e l l as r e s o l u t i o n I514 (XV) and o t h e r r e s o l u t i o n s o f the G e n o r a l Assembly. I t also v i o l a t e d the t e a c h i n g s o f the K o r a n , and contravened the p r i n c i p l e , a l s o r e f l e c t e d i n G e n e r a l Assembly and Commission r e s o l u t i o n s , t h a t the r i g h t t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n i n c l u d e d permanent s o v e r e i g n t y over n a t u r a l w e a l t h and r e s o u r c e s . Attem.pts t o j u s t i f y t h a t p r e s e n c e by l a . b e l l i n g the P o l i s a r i o F r o n t an u n l a w f u l and u n r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s e c e s s i o n i s t movement were r s j o c t e d by Zimbabwe, w h i c h a l s o opposed the s u p p l y of arms to Morocco by one o f the super-Powers. The use of such arms a g a i n s t an oppressed p e o p l e c o n s t i t t i t e d a. v i o l a t i o n of the C h a r t e r s i n c e t h e r e was no t h r e a t to Morocco's i n t e g r i t y and s o v e r e i g n t y . 5. Zimbabvie s t r o n g l y supported the i n i t i a t i v e of the A f r i c a n Heads o f S t a t e i n u r g i n g Morocco and the P o l i s a r i o F r o n t t o b e g i n immediate n e g o t i a t i o n s . The a c t i o n c a l l e d f o r i n G e n e r a l Assembly r e s o l u t i o n 36/46 was the o n l y way t o end the bloodshed and t h r e a t t o peace i n W e s t e r n Sahara w h i l e r e s p e c t i n g the p o l i t i c a l a s p i r a t i o n s of a l l .peoples and the development o f f r i e n d l y r e l a . t i e n s . I t was e s s e n t i a l to a t t a c h no undue p r e c o n d i t i o n s t o negotia.tions or to' the terms of a referendum. Zimbabwe appealed t o Morocco t o observe the p r o v i s i o n s o f p a r a g r a p h 5 of G e n e r a l Assembly r e s o l u t i o n 1514 (XV),and hoped t h a t the e x p r e s s i o n s o f c o n c e r n about the c o n t i n u e d o c c u p a t i o n would not be used by e i t h e r p a r t y as a p r e t e x t f o r w i t h d r a w i n g from the c u r r e n t e f f o r t s . I t was t o be hoped tha.t r e l a t i o n s between the two n a t i o n s would be based e s s e n t i a l l y on the C h a r t e r and not on Morocco's n a t i o n a l C o n s t i t u t i o n , s i n c e the c u r r e n t s i t u a t i o n was a t v a r i a n c e w i t h international principles. 6. W i t h r e g a r d to the s i t u a t i o n i n Kampuchea, t h e r e v/a.s a. need f o r an immediate consensus on the fundamental elements c o n s t i t u t i n g the b a s i s f o r the l e g i t i m a c y o f a Government.. The r i g h t of s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n i m p l i e d tha^t Governments owed t h e i r e x i s t e n c e and powers to the a s s e n t of the peoploi? they governed. Accordingly, Governments must ensure the p r o m o t i o n and p r o t e c t i o n o f the human r i g h t s and fundamental freedoms e s s e n t i a l t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n . The e x e r c i s e o f t h a t r i g h t was r e f l e c t e d i n a form.of s e l f - g o v e r n m e n t commanding due i n t e r n a t i o n a l r e s p e c t and the consequent independence from e x t e r n a l t h r e a t s or a c t s c o n t r a d i c t o r y to the P e c l a r a t i o n of ,24 October 1970 c o n c e r n i n g f r i e n d l y r e l a t i o n s among S t a t e s . S u c c e s s i v e Governments i n Kampuchea, had f a i l e d t o observe those p r i n c i p l e s . The P o l Pot régime, becanse o f the g e n o c i d a l o u t r a g e s i t had committed, c o u l d be g r a n t e d no c l a i m t o l e g i t i n a c y . I t s misdeeds, and the r e s u l t a n t r e f u g e e problem, had b e t r a y e d the t r u s t p l a c e d i n i t by the Kampuchean p e o p l e d u r i n g t h e i r j u s t s t r u g g l e a g a i n s t f o r e i g n c o n t r o l ; t h e y a l s o c o n s t i t u t e d a v i o l a t i o n o f the p r i n c i p l e s e n s h r i n e d i n t h e C h a r t e r and tho ' J n i v e r s a l D e c l a r a t i o n o f Human R i g h t s . The d e s t i n y o f t h a t people c o u l d not a g a i n be e n t r u s t e d t o t h a t régime. In Zimbabwe's view, peace and s e c u r i t y i n the r e g i o n would bo i m p o s s i b l e w i t h o u t a d i s i n t e r e s t e d e f f o r t t o e s t a b l i s h an a.cceptable and r e s p o n s i b l e Government w h i c h would l e a d the way t o a r e t u r n t o s t a b i l i t y . E/CN.4/l9S2/SE.ll page 4 7. The cTxrrent Government l i k e w i s e l a c k e d t h e r e q u i s i t e elements o f l e g i t i m a c y . The r i g h t o f a p e o p l e t o choose t h e i r p o l i t i c a l s t a t u s had n e v e r been t e s t e d ? nor c o u l d i t be i n the c u r r e n t c i r c u m s t a n c e s , v/hich i n c l u d e d the presence o f a large external m i l i t a r y contingent. I f the i n t e n t i o n was i n d e e d t o p r o t e c t t h e Kampuchean p e o p l e from f u r t h e r mass l i q u i d a t i o n , t a n g i b l e e f f o r t s would s v i r e l y have been made t o enable the people to make a p o l i t i c a l c h o i c e . Since that had n o t been done, the m i l i t a r y presence must be deemed i n c o m p a t i b l e w i t h the e x e r c i s e o f the r i g h t to s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n and aimed a t undermining Kampuchea's national unity. I t a l s o v i o l a t e d the D e c l a r a t i o n on the I n a d m i s s i b i l i t y o f I n t e r v e n t i o n i n t h e Domestic A f f a i r s o f S t a t e s and t h e P r o t e c t i o n o f T h e i r Independence and S o v e r e i g n t y , and o t h e r r e l e v a n t i n t e r n a t i o n a l i n s t r u m e n t s . I f the c u r r e n t Government was sure t h a t i t enjoyed broad s u p p o r t , i t s h o u l d be w i l l i n g t o a l l o w the people t o e x e r c i s e t h e i r p o l i t i c a l c h o i c e , 8. M o r e o v e r , the needs o f i n t e m a t i o n a i s e c u r i t y c o u l d not be i g n o r e d . A c o n f e r e n c e s h o u l d be convened, preceded by the withdrav/al o f a l l f o r e i g n t r o o p s from Kampuchea and a t t e n d e d by a l l p a r t i e s t o the c o n f l i c t . Humanitarian concerns must be paramount; such a c o n f e r e n c e c o u l d n o t , o f c o u r s e , predetermine the f o r e i g n p o l i c y o f a d e m o c r a t i c a l l y endorsed Kampuchean Government, Nor s h o u l d the v a l u e o f the e f f o r t s o f b o d i e s such as UNHCR and UNICEF be o v e r l o o k e d , a l t h o u g h such e f f o r t s were no s u b s t i t u t e f o r a comprehensive and lasting solution. 9. The s i t u a t i o n i n A f g h a n i s t a n , c h a r a c t e r i z e d by a growing o u t f l o w o f r e f u g e e s , had s e r i o u s i m p l i c a t i o n s f o r i n t e r n a t i o n a l peace and r e f l e c t e d a misuse o f i d e o l o g y as a mask f o r p o l i c y . The presence o f f o r e i g n t r o o p s v i o l a t e d t h e p r i n c i p l e o f s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n , c o n t r a d i c t e d the pvrrposes and p r i n c i p l e s o f the C h a r t e r , and o f f e n d e d the p r i n c i p l e o f non-alignment t o w h i c h A f g h a n i s t a n was a d e c l a r e d adherent. I n the i n t e r e s t s o f peace i n the r e g i o n , concern f o r w h i c h had been v o i c e d i n U n i t e d N a t i o n s r e s o l u t i o n s and a t c o n f e r e n c e s o f I s l a m i c and nona l i g n e d n a t i o n s , Zimbabwe urged a speedy end to o c c u p a t i o n by a super-Power t o w h i c h the C h a r t e r had e n t r u s t e d i h e t a s k o f m a i n t a i n i n g i n t e r n a t i o n a l peace and secvrcity. O n l y a comprehensive s o l u t i o n , preceded by the w i t h d r a w a l o f a l l · f o r e i g n t r o o p s , would enable peace and s e c u r i t y t o be r e s t o r e d t o A f g h a n i s t a n and the whole r e g i o n , and a l l o w i h e thousands o f r e f u g e e s t o r e t u r n home. 10. Mr. LOPATKA ( P o l a n d ) s a i d t h a t P o l a n d was one o f t h e S t a t e s Members o f the U n i t e d N a t i o n s w h i c h had r o u n d l y condemned the P o l P o t c r i m i n a l régime and d e n i e d the r i g h t o f i t s r e p r e s e n t a t i v e t o speak on b e h a l f o f Kampuchea i n the U n i t e d N a t i o n s o r anyv/here e l s e . Democratic Kampuchea d i d not e x i s t , b u t the Kampuchean'People's R e p u b l i c d i d e x i s t and was growing i n s t r e n g t h , a l t h o u g h i t s r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s had not y e t been a d m i t t e d t o the Upited" N a t i o n s - a s t a t e o f a f f a i r s w h i c h d i s c r e d i t e d the O r g a n i z a t i o n and d i d : not h e l p the Kampuchean p e o p l e . 11. The d e m o c r a t i c a l l y - h e l d g e n e r a l e l e c t i o n s o f May 1981, as w e l l as the vote on the C o n s t i t u t i o n and other, l e g i s l a t i v e measures, t e s t i f i e d t o t h a t p e o p l e ' s w i l l t o r e b u i l d the c o u n t r y and c o n s o l i d a t e i t s p o l i t i c a l s t r u c t u r e s . The f r a t e r n a l a s s i s t a n c e b e i n g g i v e n by i t s s o c i a l i s t n e i g h b o u r , V i e t Nam, had saved the Kampuchean p e o p l e from e x t e r m i n a t i o n and was e s s e n t i a l t o i t s r e b u i l d i n g efforts. The presence o f Vietnamese t r o o p s stemsied from a l e g i t i m a t e agreement between the Kampuchean P e o p l e ' s R e p u b l i c and t h e S o c i a l i s t R e p u b l i c o f V i e t Nam, two independent s o v e r e i g n c o v m t r i e s . Those t r o o p s would be withdrawn as soon as peace and s e c u r i t y were r e s t o r e d t o t h e f r o n t i e r r e g i o n between Kampuchea and T h a i l a n d . E/CN .4 /1982/SR.11 page 5 1 2 . H i s d e l e g a t i o n d i d n o t agree w i t h most o f t h e o p i n i o n s and recommendations s e t f o r t h i n document E/GN. 4/1419, h u t i t d i d share the o p i n i o n , a l s o e x p r e s s e d i n t h a t document, t h a t i t was i m p o s s i b l e , on t h e b a s i s o f t h e a v a i l a b l e i n f o r m a t i o n , to judge t h e t r u t h o f a l l e g a t i o n s r e l a t i n g t o t h e human r i g h t s s i t u a t i o n i n Kampuchea, I t had v o t e d a g a i n s t Coirimission r e s o l u t i o n 11 ( X X X V I l ) on t h e grounds t h a t t h e c o n s t i t u t i o n a l a u t h o r i t i e s o f t h e Kampuchean P e o p l e ' s R e p u b l i c , i n p e a c e f u l c o l l a b o r a t i o n v r i t h n e i g h b o u r i n g c o u n t r i e s , v/ere competent t o seeksolutions to the outstanding i s s u e s . 15. P o l a n d vfotild c o n t i n u e t o s u p p o r t t h e l e g i t i m a t e a u t h o r i t i e s i n A f g h a n i s t a n . I t commended t h e p r o g r e s s t h e y had made i n s t r e n g t h e n i n g t h e c o u n t r y ' s s e c u r i t y and development^ and b e l i e v e d t h a t i t was up t o t h e A f g h a n people i t s e l f , d i r e c t e d by i t s c o n s t i t u t i o n a l a u t h o r i t i e s , t o d e c i d e on i t s d e s t i n y and i t s p o l i t i c a l and s o c i a l system, t o choose v r i t h vrhich S t a t e s i t vrould c o - o p e r a t e and t o determine t h e manner and terms o f such c o - o p e r a t i o n . P o r those r e a s o n s , P o l a n d m a i n t a i n e d t h e s t a n c e w h i c h had l e d i t t o v o t e a g a i n s t Commission r e s o l u t i o n 13 ( X X X V I l ) . 14. . RQÏÏCOïïHAS (Greece) s a i d t h a t t h e vrorsening s i t u a t i o n i n t h e l i i d d l e E a s t vras o f s e r i o u s c o n c e r n t o h i s Government. The c o n t i n u i n g f o r e i g n o c c u p a t i o n i n f r i n g e d f u n d a m e n t a l i n t e r n a t i o n a l lavr and p r e v e n t e d t h e f r e e e x p r e s s i o n o f t h e w i l l o f t h e p e o p l e s l i v i n g under f o r e i g n o c c u p a t i o n . The P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e must be f r e e t o e x e r c i s e f u l l y i t s i n a l i e n a b l e ' r i g h t s . The r o l e o f t h e U n i t e d ' N a t i o n s s h o u l d be t o p r o v i d e a mechanism t h r o u g l i vrhich t h e P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e c o u l d g i v e genuine e x p r e s s i o n t o i t s vrishes c o n c e r n i n g i t s f u t u r e . 15. I n - c o n n e c t i o n v r i t h t h e human r i g h t s s i t u a t i o n i n t h e o c c u p i e d A r a b t e r r i t o r i e s , i n c l u d i n g P a l e s t i n e , t h e G e n e r a l Assembly had r e c e n t l y r e a f f i r m e d t h a t t h e 1949'-Geneva C o n v e n t i o n r e l a t i v e t o t h e P r o t e c t i o n o f C i v i l i a n P e r s o n s i n Timeof War a p p l i e d t o t h e A r a b t e r r i t o r i e s o c c u p i e d by I s r a e l , ' a s d i d t h e g e n e r a l p r o v i s i o n s ' o f i n t e r n a t i o n a l lavr r e l a t i n g t o armed c o n f l i c t s . T h e r e f o r e , any measures aimed a t changing t h e l e g a l s t a t u s , g e o g r a p h i c a l n a t u r e o r demographic c o m p o s i t i o n o f t h e o c c u p i e d A r a b t e r r i t o r i e s , i n c l u d i n g J e r u s a l e m , and a t t h e c o l o n i z a t i o n o f t h e o c c u p i e d t e r r i t o r i e s by I s r a e l i s e t t l e r s , t h e e x p u l s i o n o f t h e l o c a l i n h a b i t a n t s or t h e r e f u s a l t o a l l o v r them t o r e t u r n -ro t h e i r homes vrere i l l e g a l . H i s Government had s u p p o r t e d t h e m a j o r i t y vievr i n the G e n e r a l Assembly and t h e S e c u r i t y condemning r e c e n t I s r a e l i a t t e m p t s t o annex o c c u p i e d S y r i a n t e r r i t o r y . The Commission had a d u t y t o vrork f o r t h e p r o t e c t i o n and r e s t o r a t i o n o f hinnan r i g h t s i n the occupied t e r r i t o r i e s . 16. . SENE ( S e n e g a l ) , r e f e r r i n g t o numerous documents on t h e human r i g h t s s i t u a t i o n i n t h e o c c u p i e d A r a b t e r r i t o r i e s and v a r i o u s r e s o l u t i o n s adopted by t h e Commission, t h e G e n e r a l Assembly and t h e S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l condemning I s r a e l i p r a c t i c e s and s p e c i f i c a c t s i n v i o l a t i o n o f t h e human r i g h t s o f t h e p e o p l e l i v i n g i n t h e . o c c u p i e d t e r r i t o r i e s , i n c l u d i n g P a l e s t i n e , drevr a t t e n t i o n t o t h e growing i s o l a t i o n o f I s r a e l from t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community, a f a c t t o vrhich I s r a e l seemed q u i t e i n d i f f e r e n t . I s r a e l ' s d e f i a n c e o f i n t e r n a t i o n a l lavr and p u b l i c o p i n i o n vrould not have been p o s s i b l e vrithout t h e c o n s t a n t s u p p o r t o f i t s f r i e n d s . 17. The Commission was n o t a n i n t e r n a t i o n a l c o u r t o r a m i n i a t u r e G e n e r a l Assembly or S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l , b u t i t s d i s c u s s i o n s c o u l d have an impact on t h e m o r a l c o n s c i e n c e o f t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community i f i t c o n f i n e d i t s e l f t o human r i g h t s ' : c o n s i d e r a t i o n s and t o g a t h e r i n g f a c t s , i n f o r m a t i o n and o t h e r e v i d e n c e o f human r i g h t s v i o l a t i o n s i n t h e o c c u p i e d A r a b t e r r i t o r i e s . O n l y i n t h a t manner c o u l d t h e E/CN.4/1982/SR.11 page Commission c o n t r i b u t e t o the achievement o f a j u s t peace based on t h e u n i v e r s a l p r i n c i p l e s o f the Charter. I t was q u i t e c l e a r t h a t any s o l u t i o n would have t o d i s s i p a t e t h e anger, t h e h a t r e d , t h e urge t o dominate, t h e sense o f s u p e r i o r i t y and a l l t h e p r e j u d i c e t h a t provoked a g g r e s s i o n among t h e a n t a g o n i s t s . O r i g i n a l l y the I s r a e l i - A r a b c o n f l i c t had i n v o l v e d the e x e r c i s e o f t h e r i g h t t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n o f b o t h t h e J e w i s h and t h e P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e s , whereas now the P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e , c o n f r o n t e d w i t h an e x i s t i n g I s r a e l i S t a t e , f o i m d i t s e l f u n a b l e t o e x e r c i s e i t s r i g h t t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n and was f o r c e d t o l i v e under f o r e i g n o c c u p a t i o n , i n r e f u g e e camps o r as temporary r e s i d e n t s i n f o r e i g n c o u n t r i e s . The I s r a e l i p o l i c y o f s e t t l e r c o l o n i e s a l l o w e d Jews t o e n t e r t h e o c c u p i e d t e r r i t o r i e s but p l a c e d p o l i t i c a l , demographic and c u l t u r a l b a r r i e r s i n t h e viay o f t h e r e t u r n o f t h e o r i g i n a l i n h a b i t a n t s , by a n n e x i n g t e r r i t o r y , i m p l a n t i n g s e t t l e m e n t s , and e x p r o p r i a t i n g l a n d . I s r a e l ' s a t t e m p t s t o j u s t i f y i t s p o l i c i e s on t h e b a s i s o f r e f e r e n c e s t o t h e B i b l e and t h e s e c u r i t y o f t h e S t a t e were somewhat o u t o f date and i r k s o m e . G i v e n the p r e s e n t i n t e r d e p e n d e n c e o f p e o p l e s , human r i g h t s such as peace · and s e c u r i t y were i n d i v i s i b l e . 18. The numerous r e p o r t s o f the S p e c i a l Committee t o I n v e s t i g a t e I s r a e l i P r a c t i c e s A f f e c t i n g t h e Human R i g h t s o f t h e P o p u l a t i o n o f t h e Occupied T e r r i t o r i e s p r e s e n t e d , a c o n s i s t e n t p i c t u r e o f I s r a e l i p o l i c y and a c t i o n s aimed a t changing the geographic and c u l t u r a l c h a r a c t e r o f t h e o c c u p i e d t e r r i t o r i e s and a t a n n e x a t i o n and settlement,a l l o f w h i c h was c o n t r a r y t o a r t i c l e s 47 and 49 o f t h e 1949 Geneva C o n v e n t i o n and a f l a g r a n t v i o l a t i o n o f t h e r i g h t t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n o f the p o p u l a t i o n o f t h e o c c u p i e d A r a b t e r r i t o r i e s . D e s p i t e I s r a e l ' s attempts t o c r i t i c i z e t h e S p e c i a l Committee's as l a c k i n g i n o b j e c t i v i t y , he c o u l d a s s u r e t h e C o n m i s s i o n , as a member o f t h e S p e c i a l Committee, t h a t e v e r y e f f o r t vras made t o m a i n t a i n t h e h i g h e s t l e v e l o f o b j e c t i v i t y i n t h e g a t h e r i n g o f i n f o r m a t i o n and t h e s e a r c h f o r t r u t h . One u n d e n i a b l e f a c t had emerged f r o m the S p e c i a l Committee's i n v e s t i g a t i o n s , namely, t h a t t h e I s r a e l i a u t h o r i t i e s d i d n o t a l l o w t h e former i n h a b i t a n t s o f the o c c u p i e d t e r r i t o r i e s t o r e t v A r n t o t h e i r homes, whereas I s r a e l i c i t i z e n s and companies were a l l o w e d t o buy l a n d and e s t a b l i s h themselves i n those t e r r i t o r i e s . U n f o r t u n a t e l y , n o t even the c o u r t s e s t a b l i s h e d i n the t e r r i t o r i e s c o u l d p r o v i d e remedies a g a i n s t t h e v i o l a t i o n s , as t h e y g e n e r a l l y r e f u s e d t o h e a r a p p e a l s from P a l e s t i n i a n s . The- I s r a e l i a u t h o r i t i e s £ . t o bo d o i n g e v o r y t h i n g i n t h e i r power to f o r c e the P a l e s t i n i a n s to r e s o r t t o desperate a c t s o f v i o l e n c e i n order to d i s c r e d i t t h e P a l e s t i n i a n s i n the eyes o f w o r l d o p i n i o n , 19. The human r i g h t s v i o l a t i o n s i n t h e o c c u p i e d t e r r i t o r i e s , i n c l u d i n g P a l e s t i n e , posed a s e r i o u s t h r e a t t o i n t e r n a t i o n a l peace and s e c u r i t y , I s r a e l , as t h e o c c u p y i n g Power, must cease a g g r a v a t i n g t e n s i o n i n t h e I l i d d l e E a s t and must promote a c l i m a t e o f peace b y c e a s i n g i t s v i o l a t i o n s o f t h e human r i g h t s o f t h e A r a b p o p u l a t i o n and i t s m i l i t a r y a d v e n t u r e s , such as the bombing o f t h e I r a q i n u c l e a r r e a c t o r , t h e u n i l a t e r a l a n n e x a t i o n o f t h e G o l a n H e i g h t s and i t s f e r o c i o u s r e p r i s a l s i n t h e o c c u p i e d - t e r r i t o r i e s and Lebanon, The J e w i s h p e o p l e had l o n g s u f f e r e d from weakness and i n j u s t i c e , b u t t h e y must now a c t w i t h t h e wisdom o f Solomon and p u t a s i d e t h e 'temptation o f m i l i t a r y power i n o r d e r t o r e t u r n t o t h e p a t h o f humanism, t o l e r a n c e and j u s t i c e . The c o n t r i b u t i o n o f t h e J e w i s h people t o w o r l d c i v i l i z a t i o n , d e s p i t e t h e exodus, pogroms, genocide and the h o l o c a u s t , was j u s t l y famous 5 that h e r i t a g e s h o u l d n o t be t a r n i s h e d by a s i n i s t e r s u c c e s s i o n o f human r i g h t s v i o l a t i o n s and s y s t e m a t i c r e f u s a l s t o a p p l y t h e p r i n c i p l e s o f t h e C h a r t e r and the rules of i n t e r n a t i o n a l law. E/CN ,4/1982 /SR.ll page 7 20. The P a l e s t i n i a n people a l s o had the r i g h t t o l i f e , s e c u r i t y , freedom and c u l t u r e . The i n t e r n a t i o n a l community must s u p p o r t the P a l e s t i n i a n people and r e f u g e e s , both m a t e r i a l l y and m o r a l l y , and f o r t h a t reason, h i s d e l e g a t i o n had d e c i d e d t o j o i n the sponsors o f d r a f t r e s o l u t i o n E/CN .4/1982 /L .3 . I t was h i s hope t h a t those members o f the Commission t h a t had some i n f l u e n c e on I s r a e l c o u l d persuade i t t o r e s p e c t the r i g h t s o f the p o p u l a t i o n s o f the o c c u p i e d t e r r i t o r i e s and t o c o - o p e r a t e w i t h the S p e c i a l Committee. The Commission must a l s o make p u b l i c o p i n i o n aware o f the p l i g h t of the P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e . H i s d e l e g a t i o n was convinced t h a t j u s t i c e would p r e v a i l and t h a t i n t e r n a t i o n a l c o - o p e r a t i o n and r e s p e c t f o r the r u l e o f law would make.it p o s s i b l e t o e s t a b l i s h a J u s t peace i n the M i d d l e E a s t and t o b r i n g about a r e c o n c i l i a t i o n o f the p e o p l e s i n c o n f l i c t . 21. Mr. TERREFE ( E t h i o p i a ) s a i d t h a t the s u f f e r i n g o f the people l i v i n g i n the occupied Arab t e r r i t o r i e s , i n c l u d i n g P a l e s t i n e , and t h e i r s t r u g g l e f o r s e l f d e t e r m i n a t i o n and the l i b e r a t i o n o f t h e i r t e r r i t o r i e s were c o n t i n u i n g on a g r e a t l y i n t e n s i f i e d s c a l e . H i s d e l e g a t i o n had t h e r e f o r e d e c i d e d t o j o i n the s p o n s o r s o f d r a f t r e s o l u t i o n s E/CN .4 /L .3 and L .4 r e l a t i n g t o the q u e s t i o n of v i o l a t i o n s o f human r i g h t s i n the o c c u p i e d Arab t e r r i t o r i e s , i n c l u d i n g P a l e s t i n e , and the q u e s t i o n o f s e l f determination. The i n t e r n a t i o n a l community had a l r e a d y pronounced i t s e l f on the q u e s t i o n d u r i n g the r e c e n t emergency s e s s i o n o f the G e n e r a l Assembly, condemning I s r a e l ' s extreme p r a c t i c e s , i t s a g g r e s s i o n a g a i n s t n e i g h b o u r i n g S t a t e s and i t s repeated f l a g r a n t v i o l a t i o n s o f human r i g h t s i n the o c c u p i e d Arab t e r r i t o r i e s . H i s d e l e g a t i o n s t r o n g l y urged the major Power behind I s r a e l and the p r i m a r y i n s t i g a t o r o f I s r a e l ' s a r r o g a n t p o l i c y t o l i s t e n to r e a s o n and t o i n t e r n a t i o n a l p u b l i c o p i n i o n , and t o work towards a j u s t and l a s t i n g peace i n the r e g i o n . 22. In A f r i c a , the c o n t i n u e d menace o f the l a s t v e s t i g e s o f c o l o n i a l i s m , n e o c o l o n i a l i s m , r a c i s m , a p a r t h e i d and a l l forms o f d i s c r i m i n a t i o n c o n s t i t u t e d a p a r t i c u l a r l y s e r i o u s s e c u r i t y problem. South A f r i c a ' s wanton a c t s o f c r i m i n a l a g g r e s s i o n and f l a g r a n t v i o l a t i o n of the t e r r i t o r i a l i n t e g r i t y o f Angola and the f r o n t - l i n e S t a t e s , i t s i l l e g a l o c c u p a t i o n o f Namibia and the B a n t u s t a n i z a t i o n o f South A f r i c a s h o u l d be condemned by the i n t e r n a t i o n a l community and s h o u l d be a m a t t e r of h i g h p r i o r i t y on the Commission's agenda. The r a c i s t régime i n South A f r i c a , w i t h the s u p p o r t and encouragement o f c e r t a i n c o u n t r i e s known t o a l l , had adamantly r e f u s e d t o abandon i t s a b h o r r e n t p o l i c y aimed a t e n s l a v i n g the A f r i c a n m a j o r i t y . 23. The r e a l i z a t i o n of human r i g h t s and fundamental freedoms, not o n l y i n ' s o u t h e r n A f r i c a but elsewhere i n the w o r l d , was s e r i o u s l y a f f e c t e d by the p r e s e n t I n t e r n a t i o n a l s i t u a t i o n , which was c h a r a c t e r i z e d by a l l forms of r a c i a l d i s c r i m i n a t i o n , c o l o n i a l i s m , n e o c o l o n i a l i s m , i m p e r i a l i s m , p o l i c i e s t e n d i n g t o d i v i d e the w o r l d i n t o spheres of i n f l u e n c e , the arms r a c e , the use or t h r e a t o f the use o f f o r c e a g a i n s t the s o v e r e i g n t y , n a t i o n a l u n i t y and t e r r i t o r i a l i n t e g r i t y of o t h e r S t a t e s , and the r e f u s a l t o r e c o g n i z e the fundamental r i g h t s o f p e o p l e s t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n - H i s d e l e g a t i o n urged those Western Powers w i t h i n f l u e n c e o v e r South A f r i c a t o induce t h a t c o u n t r y t o comply w i t h a l l U n i t e d N a t i o n s r e s o l u t i o n s , i n p a r t i c u l a r S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l r e s o l u t i o n s 435 (1978) and 439 ( 1 9 7 8 ) , which e s t a b l i s h e d the U n i t e d N a t i o n s p l a n f o r the independence o f Namibia based on f r e e and f a i r e l e c t i o n s i n the t e r r i t o r y under the s u p e r v i s i o n o f the U n i t e d N a t i o n s . The p o l i t i c a l and l e g a l dimensions of the r i g h t t o s e l f d e t e r m i n a t i o n were f u l l y s p e l l e d out i n paragraphs 6 and 7 o f G e n e r a l Assembly r e s o l u t i o n 1514 (XV). 24. As p o i n t e d out by the D i r e c t o r of the D i v i s i o n of Human R i g h t s , the p r e s e n t i n t e r n a t i o n a l s i t u a t i o n i n s o u t h e r n A f r i c a , the M i d d l e East and o t h e r r e g i o n s o f the world posed s e r i o u s t h r e a t s t o the maintenance of w o r l d peace and s e c u r i t y . He would add t o the D i r e c t o r ' s remarks c o n c e r n i n g the somewhat a b s t r a c t n a t u r e o f the E/CN .4/1982 /SR.ll page 8 Commission's debates t h a t they were a l s o o f t e n p o l i t i c a l l y m o t i v a t e d . South A f r i c a , f o r i n s t a n c e , o f t e n c o n t i n u e d I t s b r u t a l p o l i c i e s o f o p p r e s s i o n and g e n o c i d e w i t h i m p u n i t y , w h i l e t h e Commission engaged i n p o l i t i c a l l y m o t i v a t e d p o l e m i c s . H i s d e l e g a t i o n t h e r e f o r e suggested t h a t t h e Commission's d e l i b e r a t i o n s i n t h e f u t u r e s h o u l d f o c u s a t t e n t i o n on s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n i n s o u t h e r n A f r i c a , Western Sahara and t h e o c c u p i e d Arab t e r r i t o r i e s , i n c l u d i n g P a l e s t i n e , so t h a t t h e people o f those c o u n t r i e s viould soon be a b l e t o enjoy f u l l freedom and independence. I n t h a t c o n n e c t i o n , a r t i c l e 1 o f t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l Covenant on Economic, S o c i a l and C u l t u r a l R i g h t s was i m p o r t a n t i n t h a t i t e s t a b l i s h e d s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n as a p r e r e q u i s i t e f o r t h e r e a l i z a t i o n o f a l l b a s i c human r i g h t s , i n c l u d i n g the r i g h t t o development. 25. Mr. SCHIFTER ( U n i t e d S t a t e s o f America) s a i d t h a t t h e r e might have been some m i s u n d e r s t a n d i n g about the, s t a t e m e n t he had made when s p e a k i n g on a p o i n t o f o r d e r a t the 6 t h m e e t i n g . H i s remarks s h o u l d n o t be c o n s t r u e d ' a s i m p l y i n g a change i n t h e p o s i t i o n o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s on any i s s u e i n v o l v i n g Lebanon, i n c l u d i n g h i s c o u n t r y ' s views o f t h e s t a t u s o f S y r i a n t r o o p s now s t a t i o n e d i n Lebanon. H i s statement had r e f e r r e d o n l y t o t h e p r a c t i c e f o l l o w e d by t h e Commission i n a l l o w i n g a c e r t a i n breadth i n t h e d i s c u s s i o n and h i s d e l e g a t i o n ' s commitment t o t h e e q u a l a p p l i c a t i o n o f t h e r u l e s to a l l . 26. Mr. ZAFERA (Observer f o r Madagascar) s a i d t h a t t h e v a r i o u s documents b e f o r e t h e Commission p r o v i d e d overwhelming e v i d e n c e o f t h e numerous v i o l a t i o n s o f human r i g h t s which t h e I s r a e l i régime c o n t i n u e d t o commit i n t h e o c c u p i e d Arab t e r r i t o r i e s , including Palestine. 27. F a r from.complying w i t h t h e p r o v i s i o n s o f t h e many r e s o l u t i o n s adopted by t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s and o t h e r i n t e r n a t i o n a l o r g a n i z a t i o n s , t h e I s r a e l i régime was p e r p e t u a t i n g i t s p o l i c y o f t e r r o r i n o r d e r t o d e p r i v e t h e P a l e s t i n i a n people o f t h e enjoyment o f t h e i r i n a l i e n a b l e r i g h t s , i n c l u d i n g t h e r i g h t t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n and independence. I s r a e l p e r s i s t e d i n i t s p o l i c y o f e s t a b l i s h i n g s e t t l e m e n t s , e x p e l l i n g the Arab p o p u l a t i o n , t r a n s f o r m i n g t h e n a t u r a l , c u l t u r a l and r e l i g i o u s c h a r a c t e r o f t h e o c c u p i e d t e r r i t o r i e s , and c o n f i s c a t i n g Arab l a n d s . I t c o n t i n u e d t o r e f u s e t o a p p l y the F o u r t h Geneva Convention. And i n s p i t e o f a l l t h e e f f o r t s o f t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community, i t m a i n t a i n e d an a t t i t u d e o f d e f i a n c e , a r r o g a n c e 3.nd c y n i c i s m i n a d o p t i n g an i n c r e a s i n g l y v i o l e n t p o l i c y , a n n e x i n g J e r u s a l e m , committing repeated a c t s o f a g g r e s s i o n a g a i n s t Lebanon, bombarding t h e I r a q i n u c l e a r i n s t a l l a t i o n s designed f o r p e a c e f u l purposes and i n t e n s i f y i n g i t s p e r s e c u t i o n o f P a l e s t i n i a n s . I t s r e c e n t a n n e x a t i o n o f t h e Golan .^Heights c o n s t i t u t e d a f u r t h e r i l l u s t r a t i o n o f i t s a r r o g a n c e . 28. D e s p i t e t h e Commission's s u c c e s s i v e r e s o l u t i o n s condemning a l l those a c t s , I s r a e l c o n t i n u e d t o c a r r y o u t i t s p o l i c y o f a g g r e s s i o n and expansionism w i t h i m p u n i t y , and t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s seemed t o be h e l p l e s s i n t h e f a c e o f t h e i n c r e a s i n g l y s e r i o u s v i o l a t i o n s o f i n t e r n a t i o n a l law and human r i g h t s . 29. The Commission must t a k e u r g e n t s t e p s t o put an end t o t h e c r i m i n a l a c t s o f I s r a e l . The c u r r e n t debate p r o v i d e d an o p p o r t u n i t y once a g a i n t o condemn t h e p o l i c y o f t h e Z i o n i s t régime and t o r e a f f i r m s u p p o r t f o r the j u s t s t r u g g l e o f t h e P a l e s t i n i a n people under t h e l e a d e r s h i p o f i t s l e g i t i m a t e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e , t h e PLO. E/CÎT. 4/193 2 /SÎÎ. 11 page 9 30. I n h i s o p i n i o n , the P a l e s t i n i a n i s s u e was the c r u x o f the problem o f the Middle East. There c o u l d be no q u e s t i o n o f a s e p a r a t e peace such as t h a t advocated i n the Camp David a c c o r d s . I t s h o u l d be a g l o b a l peace, based on r e s p e c t f o r the i n a l i e n a b l e r i g h t s o f the P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e , i n c l u d i n g t h e i r r i g h t t o c r e a t e an independent S t a t e , and on the e v a c u a t i o n o f a l l the o c c u p i e d Arab and P a l e s t i n i a n t e r r i t o r i e s , i n c l u d i n g Jerusalem. 31. I n a n o t h e r a r e a of the v j o r l d , southern A f r i c a , human r i g h t s c o n t i n u e d t o be violated. The r a c i s t régime i n P r e t o r i a was c o n s o l i d a t i n g i t s p o l i c y o f a p a r t h e i d and i n t e n s i f y i n g i t s o p p r e s s i o n o f the b l a c k p o p u l a t i o n , w h i l e i n Namibia the i l l e g a l o c c u p a t i o n c o n t i n u e d t o be accompanied by numerous v i o l a t i o n s o f the most elementary human r i g h t s and by a renewal o f a c t s o f armed a g g r e s s i o n a g a i n s t the neighbouring S t a t e s . 32. On the q u e s t i o n o f Western Sahara, the i n t e r n a t i o n a l community had noted w i t h s a t i s f a c t i o n the d e c i s i o n s adopted i n June 1981 by the Assembly o f Heads o f S t a t e and Government o f the O r g a n i z a t i o n o f A f r i c a n U n i t y (OAU) c o n c e r n i n g the h o l d i n g o f a g e n e r a l and f r e e referendum on s e l f - d e t e r r a i n a t i o n i n Viestern S a h a r a . Members would r e c a l l the solemn u n d e r t a k i n g g i v e n by K i n g Hassan I I of Morocco a t the Assembly t o accept the r e s u l t s o f the referendum. 33. The OAU Implementation Committee had adopted a number o f measures t o f a c i l i t a t e the referendum: the e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f a c e a s e - f i r e through n e g o t i a t i o n s between the p a r t i e s t o the c o n f l i c t , i . e . Morocco and the P o l i s a r i o F r o n t ; r e s t r i c t i o n t o t h e i r r e s p e c t i v e bases o f the t r o o p s b e l o n g i n g t o the p a r t i e s t o the c o n f l i c t i n o r d e r t o ensure the proper conduct o f the referendum and s t r i c t observance o f the c e a s e - f i r e ; and e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f a p r o v i s i o n a l a d m i n i s t r a t i o n t o be a s s i s t e d by a s u f f i c i e n t number o f t r o o p s from a peace f o r c e o f OAU and/or the U n i t e d N a t i o n s . 34. Those d e c i s i o n s were r e f l e c t e d i n General Assembly r e s o l u t i o n 36/46, which r e a f f i r m e d the i n a l i e n a b l e r i g h t of the people of Western Sahara t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n and independence. Paragraphs 4, 5 and 6 o f t h a t r e s o l u t i o n were p a r t i c u l a r l y i m p o r t a n t , but i n s p i t e o f the appeals they c o n t a i n e d , s e r i o u s c l a s h e s c o n t i n u e d t o occur i n Western Sahara and the Sahrawi people c o n t i n u e d t o s u f f e r the d r a m a t i c consequences o f the u n j u s t war t h a t had been imposed on i t . 35. W h i l e the P o l i s a r i o F r o n t had demonstrated i t s w i l l i n g n e s s t o n e g o t i a t e an immediate c e a s e - f i r e , the same c o u l d not be s a i d o f the Moroccan s i d e . From p r e s s r e p o r t s i t - w o u l d seem t h a t Morocco would never n e g o t i a t e w i t h the P o l i s a r i o F r o n t . I t vrould be u s e f u l i f the d e l e g a t i o n of Morocco c o u l d e n l i g h t e n the Commission on that point. 36. Given the f a c t t h a t both OAU and the U n i t e d N a t i o n s had s p e c i f i c a l l y i d e n t i f i e d Morocco and the P o l i s a r i o F r o n t as the two p a r t i e s t o the c o n f l i c t , and t h a t Morocco r e f u s e d t o n e g o t i a t e w i t h the P o l i s a r i o F r o n t , m a t t e r s seemed t o have reached an impasse. One might w e l l wonder, t h e r e f o r e , whether Morocco r e a l l y wanted a g e n e r a l and f r e e referendum f o r the people of Western Sahara. He hoped he was m i s t a k e n , however, and c a l l e d on Morocco t o agree t o n e g o t i a t e w i t h the P o l i s a r i o Front. In c o n c l u s i o n , he expressed the C o n v i c t i o n t h a t the Commission would take the n e c e s s a r y measures t o ensure t h a t the l o n g - s u f f e r i n g Sahrawi people c o u l d l i v e i n peace. E/CÎT. 4 / 1 9 3 2/SR. 1 1 page 1 0 37.. I l r . ( o b s e r v e r f o r A f g h a n i s t a n ) s a i d t h a t ever s i n c e i t s e s t a b l i s h m e n t , I s r a e l had -pursued a p o l i c y o f feggression a g a i n s t t h e d e f e n c e l e s s p e o p l e o f P a l e s t i n e and o t h e r Arab c o u n t r i e s and had o c c u p i e d p a r t o f t h e i r t e r r i t o r i e s ' s i n c e 1967. 38. I s r a e l ' s v i o l a t i o n o f t h e C h a r t e r and t h e U n i v e r s a l D e c l a r a t i o n o f Human Rights, i t s p e r s i s t e n t p o l i c y o f annexation, establishment of settlements, e x p r o p r i a t i o n and exjp-ulsion, and i t s d e n i a l o f t h e r i g h t o f t h e P a l e s t i n i a n s t o s e i f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n , n a t i o n a l s o v e r e i g n t y and independence c o n s t i t u t e d a c h a l l e n g e t o w o r l d p u b l i c o p i n i o n and t h e r e l e v a n t r e s o l u t i o n s o f t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s and other i n t e r n a t i o n a l bodies. Piirsxiing t h e i r expansionist p o l i c y , the Z i o n i s t a u t h o r i t i e s ' ' p e r s i s t e d i n a p p l y i n g measiires aimed a t c h a n g i n g t h e l e g a l s t a t u s , g e o g r a p h i c a l n a t u r e and demographic c o m p o s i t i o n o f t h e o c c u p i e d t e r r i t o r i e s . 39. The o c c u p y i n g Z i o n i s t s , s e e k i n g t o c o n s o l i d a t e t h e r e s i i l t s o f t h e i r a g g r e s s i o n , to' annex P a l e s t i n i a n l a n d s and o t h e r Arab t e r r i t o r i e s , and t o p r e v e n t the c r e a t i o n o f a n Arab S t a t e i n P a l e s t i n e , v e x e i n t e n s i f y i n g t h e i r e x p r o p r i a t i o n and s e t t l e m e n t o f Arab l a n d s . ' Tlie p r i m e v i c t i m o f t h a t e x p a n s i o n i s t p o l i c y was . the P a l e s t i n i a n p o p u l a t i o n . I t was w e l l Icnovm t h a t t h e P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e , who had a c e n t i i r i e s - o l d h i s t o r y and had been d e p r i v e d o f t h e i r homeland and n a t i o n a l r i g h t s f o l l o w i n g a j o i n t c o n s p i r a c y o f i m p e r i a l i s t s , c o l o n i a l i s t s and Z i o n i s t s , had been o b l i g e d t o l i v e as r e f u g e e s -under f o r e i g n o c c u p a t i o n f o r -more t l i a n a q u a r t e r o f a cen-bi-oey. I t would be d i f f i c u l t t o f i n d a s i m i l a r example o f b r u t a l i t y and inliuman t r e a t m e n t i n f l i c t e d on an e n t i r e n a t i o n . One o f t h e f-undamental c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f t h e i d e o l o g y , p o l i c y and p r a c t i c e o f t h e Z i o n i s t s , was t o d e p r i v e o t h e r p e o p l e s o f t h e i r l a n d s and homes i n o r d e r t o a c q u i r e " l i v i n g space". 40. The P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e , l i k e a l l p e o p l e s o f t h e v/orld, had r i g h t s w h i c h v/ere c l e a r l y defined i n the Charter, various conventions, declarations, i n t e r n a t i o n a l commitments and r e l e v a n t documents and r e s o l u t i o n s o f t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s . Those r i g h t s c o u l d n o t be g r a n t e d t o o t h e r s o r u s u r p e d . 41. Because o f t h e i n t r i g u e s o f t h e i m p e r i a l i s t s , :the P a l e s t i n i a n q u e s t i o n . h a d f o r 20 y e a r s been r e g a r d e d e s s e n t i a l l y as a r e f u g e e problem. That u n r e a l i s t i c and l A n j u s t a p p r o a c h v/as c o n t r a r y t o t h e r i g h t o f t h e P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n and i t s i n a l i e n a b l e r i g h t t o retvu :n t o i t s homeland. However, the f i r s t l i n l c i n t h e Z i o n i s t c o n s p i r a c y had been b r o k e n i n I969 w i t h t h e a d o p t i o n o f G e n e r a l Assembly r e s o l u t i o n 2535 (XXI'V), v /hich had, i n t e r a l i a , . r e c o g n i a e d ' t h a t t h e problem o f t h e P a l e s t i n e Arab r e f u g e e s had a r i s e n from t h e d e n i a l o f t h e i r i n a l i e n a b l e r i g h t s mider t h e C h a r t e r and t h e U n i v e r s a l D e c l a r a t i o n o f Human R i g h t s , a n d r e a f f i r m e d t h e i n a l i e n a b l e r i g h t s o f t h e peoiDle. of. P a l e s t i n e . Those r i g h t s had been r e a f f i r m e d i n a number o f r e s o l u t i o n s adopted s i n c e 1970. 42. Other l i n l c s i n t h e Z i o n i s t c o n s p i r a c y had been b r o k e n b j s u c c e s s i v e r e s o l u t i o n s o f t h e G e n e r a l Assembly, i n c l u d i n g r e s o l u t i o n s 3236 (XXIX) and 3237 (JCXIX), w h i c h had, r e s p e c t i v e l y , emphasized t h a t t h e r e a l i z a t i o n o f t h e i n a l i e n a b l e r i g h t s o f t h e P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e v/as i n d i s p e n s a b l e f o r t h e s o l u t i o n o f the q u e s t i o n o f P a l e s t i n e and g r a n t e d o b s e r v e r s t a t u s t o t h e PLO i n t h e G e n e r a l Assembly a n d a l l i n t e r n a t i o n a l c o n f e r e n c e s convened under U n i t e d N a t i o n s a u s p i c e s . s/CiT.4/l9a2/SR.ll page 11 43' The r i g h t of the P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e to s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n , s o v e r e i g n t y and independonce had heen o f f i c i a l l y r e c o g n i z e d tho U n i t e d N a t i o n s , tho v a r i o u s conferences of the n o n - a l i g n e d c o u n t r i e s and t h e . I s l a m i c S t a t e s . I n . s p i t e of t h a t u n i v e r s a l r e c o g n i t i o n , however, U n i t e d S t a t e s i i - n p C r i a l i s n and the Z i o n i s t s were s e e k i n g t o e l i m i n a t e the P a l e s t i n e l i b e r a t i o n movement, l e g a l i z e the I s r a e l i o c c u p a t i o n of P a l e s t i n i a n t o r r i t o r y and o t h e r Arab l a n d s , p r e v e n t the p a r t i c i p a t i o n i n a s e t t l e m e n t of the P a l e s t i n i a n problem by the PLO - tho s o l e l e g i t i m a t . e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e of the P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e , and.condemn tho Arab pooplo o f P a l e s t i n e to permanent e x i l e . 44. The Z i o n i s t e n t i t y was i n t e n s i f y i n g i t s w a r l i k e a c t i v i t i e s a g a i n s t the people of P a l e s t i n e and o t h e r A r a b c o u n t r i e s by r e f u s i n g to iî:iplemcnt tho r e s o l u t i o n s of the S o c u r i t y C o u n c i l and tho G o n e r a l Assembly, c o n t i n u i n g to deny the P a l e s t i n i a n people the e x o r c i s e of i t s n a t i o n a l n i g h t s , and p u r s u i n g i t s p o l i c y of expansion and repression. 45. The u n l i m i t e d support of the U n i t e d S t a t e s w h i c h I s r a e l enjoyed and. the i i u p l o n e n t a t i o n of tho Camp D a v i d accords' had encouraged I s r a e l t o c o n t i n u e i t s r a c i s t p o l i c y and p r a c t i c e s . The most r e v o l t i n g and u n a c c e p t a b l e a c t of the Z i o n i s t S t a t e was i t s d e c i s i o n to annex J e r u s a l e m and to make i t tho c a p i t a l of I s r a e l , , a measure c o n t r a r y to a l l the r e s o l u t i o n s w h i c h the Gonoral Assembly and the S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l had adopted on J e r u s a l e m and w h i c h c a l l e d on tho o c c u p y i n g S t a t e n o t to take any measure aimed a t m o d i f y i n g the c h a r a c t e r of the c i t y , w h i c h was s a c r e d f o r a l l Muslii:i& and persons o f o t h e r f a i t h s . 46. The i l l e g a l a n n e x a t i o n o f tho S y r i a n Golan H e i g h t s , which had been d e c l a r e d n u l l and v o i d and w i t h o u t i n t e r n a t i o n a l l e g a l e f f e c t , was a f u r t h e r s e r i o u s a c t of a g g r e s s i o n by tho Z i o n i s t o n t i t y and a v i o l a t i o n of the r e l e v a n t r e s o l u t i o n s o f the U n i t e d N a t i o n s , the F o u r t h Genova Convention and the u n i v e r s a l l y r e c o g n i z e d p r i n c i p l e s of contemporary i n t e r n a t i o n a l law. 47. · I s r a e l had become'an e f f e c t i v e instruj:ient i n the s e r v i c e of the U n i t e d S t a t e s p o l i c y of a g g r e s s i o n and e x p a n s i o n , thus s e r i o u s l y t h r e a t e n i n g the independence and s o v e r o i g n t y of tho P a l e s t i n i a n and A r a b p e o p l e s and i n t e r n a t i o n a l poaco. The U n i t e d S t a t e s p r o v i d e d the Z i o n i s t a g g r e s s o r s w i t h the most s o p h i s t i c a t e d weapons and endeavoured to thwart tho w i l l of the i n t e r n a t i o n a l c o m u n i t y whonevor tho q u e s t i o n of tho Z i o n i s t e n t i t y ' s a c t s of p r o v o c a t i o n a g a i n s t the Arabs was exai:iined i n the U n i t e d Nations.. Indood, w i t h o u t U n i t e d S t a t e s s u p p o r t , I s r a e l would be unablo to p e r s i s t i n i t s p o l i c y of a g g r e s s i o n and expansion a g a i n s t : P a l e s t i n o o r i n i t s a r r o g a n t a t t i t u d e towards the i n t e r n a t i o n a l c o m i u n i t y . H i s Gcvornnent and pooplo f i r n l y supported the. Iegiti2:iate s t r u g g l e o f tho P a l e s t i n i a n and A r a b peoples: a g a i n s t . Z i o n i s t a g g r e s s i o n and r e s o l u t e l y c a l l e d f o r an end to the p o l i c y of Z i o n i s t o p p r e s s i o n and terrorisa. To meet the l e g i t i m a t e demands of tho S y r i a n Governnent, tho, S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l s h o u l d as a n a t t e r of urgency adopt e f f e c t i v e n c a s u r o s and s a n c t i o n s a g a i n s t those r e s p o n s i b l e f o r tho a n n e x a t i o n o f tho S y r i a n G o l a n H e i g h t s under Chapter V I I of the C h a r t e r . E/CÏÏ.4/1982/SR.11 page 12 48. I t was h i g h time the i n t e m a t i o n a i community took s p e c i f i c measures t h a t would compel the Z i o n i s t e n t i t y to comply w i t h the numerous U n i t e d N a t i o n s r e s o l u t i o n s c o n c e m i n g a j u s t and e q u i t a b l e s o l u t i o n to the P a l e s t i n i a n q u e s t i o n . Such a s o l u t i o n s h o u l d be b a s e d on the f o l l o w i n g p r i n c i p l e s : complete and u n c o n d i t i o n a l w i t h d r a w a l o f a l l I s r a e l i t r o o p s from a l l the Arab t e r r i t o r i e s o c c u p i e d by I s r a e l , i n c l u d i n g Jerusalem; removal o f the v e s t i g e s o f I s r a e l i a g g r e s s i o n ; realization o f the l e g i t i m a t e n a t i o n a l and i n a l i e n a b l e r i g h t s o f the Arab people o f P a l e s t i n e ; r e c o g n i t i o n o f the PLO as the s o l e l e g i t i m a t e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f the P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e , w i t h the r i g h t to p a r t i c i p a t e on an e q u a l b a s i s w i t h the o t h e r p a r t i e s i n any s e t t l e m e n t o f the M i d d l e E a s t q u e s t i o n . 49. Mr. TABIBI (Observer f o r the W o r l d M u s l i m C o n g r e s s ) s a i d t h a t the r i g h t to l i f e and freedom was more i m p o r t a n t than any o t h e r r i g h t and t h a t a n a t i o n c o u l d not remain in. bondage w i t h o u t the r i g h t to s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n . The League o f N a t i o n s and the U n i t e d N a t i o n s had been e s t a b l i s h e d m a i n l y to s a f e g u a r d those b a s i c r i g h t s , but u n f o r t u n a t e l y human r i g h t s were b e i n g v i o l a t e d throughout the w o r l d . Many o f those v i o l a t i o n s o c c u r r e d i n the I s l a m i c w o r l d , w h i c h happened to be a f o l l o \ i / e r o f a r e l i g i o n d e d i c a t e d t o the d i g n i t y and p r o s p e r i t y o f the human r a c e . However, w h i l e human r i g h t s were b e i n g d e n i e d i n many p a r t s o f the w o r l d , the v i o l a t i o n o f j u s t i c e , s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n and fundamental freedoms and the c o l o n i z a t i o n o f I s l a m i c people and n a t i o n s by non-Muslim and a t h e i s t S t a t e s had o c c u r r e d w i t h g r e a t e r momentum i n the I s l a m i c w o r l d . Not o n l y had the P a l e s t i n i a n people l o s t i t s l a n d s , p r o p e r t y and c o u n t i y to the J e w i s h s e t t l e r s , but the people o f Lebanon, S y r i a and I r a q were now b e i n g s u b j e c t e d to the t h r e a t o f a n n e x a t i o n , bombardment and e x p u l s i o n because o f the dream o f a g r e a t e r I s r a e l . 50. The people o f the f r e e , n o n - a l i g n e d and M u s l i m S t a t e o f A f g h a n i s t a n , w h i c h throughout i t s h i s t o r y had f o u g h t f o r the p r e s e r v a t i o n o f independence and l i b e r t y , were s u b j e c t e d to s y s t e m a t i c genocide, bombardment, imprisonment and t e r r o r i z a t i o n . As a r e s u l t , m i l l i o n s o f Afghans had l e f t t h e i r homeland to talce r e f u g e i n P a l c i s t a n and I r a n because a super-Power, w h i c h was supposed to be a g u a r d i a n o f peace and s e c u r i t y under the C h a r t e r , had caused a l l those h a r d s h i p s i n the name o f f r i e n d s h i p ; 51. He a l s o drew a t t e n t i o n to the p l i g h t o f one t h i r d o f tho w o r l d ' s M u s l i m p o p u l a t i o n who w e r e . l i v i n g as m i n o r i t i e s and s e c o n d - c l a s s c i t i z e n s and numbered more than 500 m i l l i o n . However, the t r a g e d y o f P a l e s t i n e and A f g h a n i s t a n was the most s h o c k i n g s t o r y o f modern t i m e s . The one was s u b j e c t e d to the w i s h e s o f a s m a l l community who c a l l e d themselves the chosen people o f God, imposed a d i s c r i m i n a t o r y p h i l o s o p h y o f Z i o n i s m , and s e i z e d the l a n d and p r o p e r t y o f o t h e r s . The o t h e r , w h i c h was p o w e r f u l , w i s h e d t o impose an a l i e n r u l e and p h i l o s o p h y on a proud and independent people who wished t o remain f r e e y e t i n f r i e n d s h i p w i t h a l l n a t i o n s . A f g h a n i s t a n had done n o t h i n g t o d e v i a t e from t h a t p o l i c y o f f r i e n d s h i p and non-alignment, and w i s h e d to be l e f t alone and i n peace. 52. . H i s o r g a n i z a t i o n condemned the v i o l a t i o n s o f the v a r i o u s G e n e r a l Assembly and S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l r e s o l u t i o n s on P a l e s t i n e , and I s r a e l ' s r e f u s a l to co-operate w i t h the P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e . U n f o r t u n a t e l y , I s r a e l was c o n t i n u i n g i t s c o l o n i z i n g a c t i v i t i e s a t a time when the w o r l d was w i t n e s s i n g a p r o c e s s o f r a p i d d e c o l o n i z a t i o n and independence. H i s o r g a n i z a t i o n b e l i e v e d t h a t the community o f n a t i o n s , on the b a s i s o f i t s o b l i g a t i o n s under the C h a r t e r and the Geneva C o n v e n t i o n s , as w e l l as the U n i v e r s a l D e c l a r a t i o n o f Human R i g h t s , s h o u l d b r i n g p r e s s u r e to b e a r on I s r a e l to s t o p i t s v a n d a l i s m o f the H o l y Land, i t s t e r r o r i z a t i o n o f the Arab p o p u l a t i o n , i t s u s u r p a t i o n o f t h e i r l a n d s and p r o p e r t y , and the e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f s e t t l e m e n t s i n S/CÏÏ.4/1982/SE.11 page 13 Arab l a n d s . Furthermore, a l l Members o f the U n i t e d N a t i o n s · s h o u l d r e f r a i n from e n c o u r a g i n g the s y s t e m a t i c v i o l a t i o n by I s r a e l o f human r i g h t s i n t h e Arab l a n d s . They s h o u l d heed the c a l l o f the community o f n a t i o n s t o r e c o g n i z e the r i g h t o f the P a l e s t i n i a n people t o a S t a t e o f t h e i r own and c a l l on I s r a e l to withdraw from the o c c u p i e d Arab l a n d s , i n c l u d i n g J e r u s a l e m and the Golan H e i s t s . 53« S i n c e i t s e s t a b l i s h m e n t by the U n i t e d N a t i o n s , I s r a e l h a d committed a t r o c i t i e s o f a l l k i n d s a g a i n s t t h e i n d i g e n o u s Arab p o p u l a t i o n o f P a l e s t i n e . H i s t o r y showed, however, t h a t d u r i n g the 14 -century r u l e o f t h e Arabs and Muslims i n P a l e s t i n e , the Jews and C h r i s t i a n s , as m i n o r i t i e s , had e n j o y e d f u l l p r o t e c t i o n because I s l a m d i d not r e c o g n i z e compulsion i n r e l i g i o u s m a t t e r s and gave s p e c i a l c o n s i d e r a t i o n t o the people o f the Book. What was needed was r e a s o n , j u s t i c e and r e a l i s m t o b r i n g peace t o the H o l y Land and t o c r e a t e an atmosphere o f t r u s t and c o n f i d e n c e . The time h a d come f o r the w o r l d community and the U n i t e d N a t i o n s t o p u t an end t o the 30 y e a r s o f b l o o d s h e d and a f f l i c t i o n s u f f e r e d by the P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e . 54. I n o r d e r t o ensure peace and j u s t i c e i n the H o l y Land, the f o l l o w i n g p r i n c i p l e s must be r e c o g n i z e d ; t h e r e c o u l d be no s o l u t i o n t o the M i d d l e E a s t problem w h i c h d i d n o t take f u l l account o f t h e l e g i t i m a t e a s p i r a t i o n s o f the P a l e s t i n i a n p e o p l e ; the l e g i t i m a t e and i n a l i e n a b l e r i g h t s o f the P a l e s t i n i a n people t o r e t u r n t o t h e i r homes and t o achieve s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n , . n a t i o n a l independence and s o v e r e i g n t y must be r e s p e c t e d ; the i n a d m i s s i b i l i t y o f the a c q u i s i t i o n o f t e r r i t o i y by f o r c e and the consequent o b l i g a t i o n f o r complete and speedj/- e v a c u a t i o n o f any Arab, P a l e s t i n i a n o r o t h e r t e r r i t o r y so o c c u p i e d ; a f f i r m a t i o n o f t h e duty and r e s p o n s i b i l i t y o f a l l concerned t o enable the P a l e s t i n i a n s t o e x e r c i s e t h e i r i n a l i e n a b l e r i g h t s ; and the need f o r an expanded and more i n f l u e n t i a l r o l e by the U n i t e d . N a t i o n s and i t s organs . i n promoting a j u s t s o l u t i o n t o t h e . q u e s t i o n o f the P a l e s t i n i a n s . I n implementing such a s o l u t i o n , the S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l , i n p a r t i c u l a r , s h o u l d take a p p r o p r i a t e a c t i o n t o f a c i l i t a t e the e x e r c i s e by the P a l e s t i n i a n s o f t h e i r r i g h t t o r e t u r n t o t h e i r homes, l a n d s and p r o p e r t y . 55. Mr. SOFFER (Observer f o r I s r a e l ) , s p e a i i i n g i n e x e r c i s e o f the r i g h t o f r e p l y , s a i d t h a t some speakers from Arab c o i m t r i e s and t h e i r a l l i e s had a t t a c k e d h i s c o u n t i y w i t h s o r d i d and improbable l i e s w h i c h s e r v e d o n l y s e l f i s h p o l i t i c a l ends. The t e r r i t o r i e s a d m i n i s t e r e d by I s r a e l were open t o a l l , u n l i k e the t e r r i t o r i e s o f those c o u n t r i e s a t t a c k i n g I s r a e l ; those same c o u n t r i e s sought o n l y t o impede a j u s t s o l u t i o n o f the s i t u a t i o n , w h i c h had been caused by the p e r s i s t e n t Arab r e f u s a l to recognize I s r a e l . 56. Some Arab speakers h a d gone t o g r e a t l e n g t h s t o hide the v i o l a t i o n s o f human r i g h t s i n t h e i r own c o u n t r i e s . The r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f I r a q seemed t o have f o r g o t t e n the war o f a g g r e s s i o n waged by h i s c o u n t r y a g a i n s t I r a n , a c o n f l i c t w h i c h had c r e a t e d more than 2 m i l l i o n r e f u g e e s . I r a q was the o n l y c o u n t r y t o w h i c h Amnesty I n t e r n a t i o n a l h a d devoted a s p e c i a l r e p o r t on the i n s t i t u t i o n a l i z e d use o f t o r t u r e . I r a q h a d e s t a b l i s h e d as a m a t t e r o f dogma the p e r s e c u t i o n o f i t s e t h n i c and r e l i g i o u s m i n o r i t i e s . The I r a q i r e p r e s e n t a t i v e h a d f a i l e d t o mention the f o u r wars o f e x t e r m i n a t i o n waged by h i s c o u n t i y a g a i n s t I s r a e l o r h i s Government's e x p a n s i o n i s t and murderous p l a n s , w h i c h h a d been o p e n l y s t a t e d i n the I r a q i President's o f f i c i a l declarations. a/CN .4 /l?82/SR..ll page 14 57. The L i b y a n r e p r e s e n t a t i v e had f a i l e d t o mention h i s count2:y's i l l e g a l . i n v a s i o n of-Chad and h i s P r e s i d e n t ' s h e g e m o n i s t i c dreams o f an I s l a m i c empire on the A f r i c a n c o n t i n e n t . L i b y a had become one o f t h e main s u p p o r t e r s o f i n t e m a t i o n a i t e r r o r i s m and devoted an enormous budget t o the g l o b a l d i s s e m i n a t i o n o f h a t r e d , deàtruction and t e r r o r . L i b y a a l s o liad f i g u r e d i n Ai.inesty I n t e r n a t i o n a l r e p o r t s on t o r t u r e , b l o o d y r e p r e s s i o n and deály human r i g h t s v i o l a t i o n s . 58. The r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f S y r i a , who had c o n t i n u a l l y i n t e r r u p t e d the I s r a e l i statement i n the Commission b y r e s o r t i n g t o p o i n t s o f o r d e r , v/as a p p a r e n t l y q u i t e concerned lest-; r e v e l a t i o n s be made about t h e c r i m e s committed by the S y r i a n Government e.gainst opponents o f the p r e s e n t régime and the genocide committed by the Syriari- army i n Lebanon d u r i n g i t s i l l e g a l o c c u p a t i o n o f t h a t c o u n t r y . . There a g a i n t h e r e g u l a r r e p o r t s o f such r e s p e c t e d o r g a n i z a t i o n s as Amnesty I n t e r n a t i o n a l s u f f i c e d t o c o r r o b o r a t e h i s a s s e r t i o n s . The S y r i a n r e p r e s e n t a t i v e had d r a i m a t t e n t i o n t o t h e v/orks o f P r o f e s s o r ShaJlalc, î'irs, F e l i c i a Langer and M e i r Kahana. The f i r s t two v;ere n o t o r i o u s f o r t h e i r s u p p o r t f o r c e r t a i n Arab c a u s e s , v;hile M e i r Kahana had been ..imprisoned f o r h i s a c t i v i t i e s . He f o r h i s p a r t .v;as happy t o . l i v e i n a-democracy where everyone had the r i g h t t o freedom o f e x p r e s s i o n , , even i f t h a t l e d t o t h e p u b l i c a t i o n o f a b e r r a n t v i e w s t h a t s e r v e d t o p r o v i d e I s r a e l ' s enemies v;ith f a l l a c i o u s arguments. One c o u l d n o t blame the S y r i a n r e p r e s e n t a t i v e f o r a t t e m p t i n g t o h i d e the t r u t h , .; the t r u t h i n h i s covmtry v/as f^ll o f such s o r d i d phenomena as the s y s t e m a t i c and b r u t a l t o r t u r e o f c o u n t l e s s p o l i t i c a l d e t a i n e e s , a r b i t r a l r y a r r e s t s , muck t r i a l s , e x e c u t i o n s , t h e a s s a s s i n a t i o n o f opponents, o f the régime, and .the o p p r e s s i o n o f e t h n i c and r e l i g i o u s m i n o r i t i e s . 59. I t vras s c a n d a l o u s t h a t t h e Commission v;as now b e i n g e x p l o i t e d b y some' A r a b r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s v;ho, v;hile e x t o l l i n g the p r i n c i p l e o f s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n , a t t a c k e d z i o n i s m and t h e r i g h t o f the' Jev/ish p e o p l e t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n i n t h e most r a c i s t and d i s g u s t i n g manner. Such h a t e - f i l l e d propaganda reminded one o n l y o f t h e most t e r r i b l e pages o f a n t i - S e m i t i c N a z i propaganda and must be v i g o r o u s l y and i n d i g n a n t l y r e j e c t e d . 60. . SOLA 'VILA (Cuba), spealcing i n e x e r c i s e o f t h e r i g h t o f r e p l y , r e f e r r e d t o the' t h r e a t s made by the. U n i t e d S t a t e s r e p r e s e n t a ^ t i v e a t a p r e v i o u s m e e t i n g and s a i d t h a t Cuba ha.d f o r 25 y e a r s been t h r e a t e n e d v;ith a g g r e s s i o n , a t t e m p t e d miirder .and economic b l o c k a d e by t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s . Dvrcing those y e a r s , Cuba had n e v e r been a f r a i d and vras even l e s s so a t the p r e s e n t t i m e . I t r e j e c t e d the threat of b l a c k m a i l , l o v e d peace and vrished t o m a i n t a i n good r e l a t i o n s vrith a l l S t a t e s i n accordance v r i t h the p r i n c i p l e s o f i n t e m a t i o n a i lavr. 61. H i s Government had e x p r e s s e d i t s v r i l l i n g n e s s t o d i s c u s s i t s d i f f e r e n c e s vrith the U n i t e d S t a t e s , b u t p r i n c i p l e s vrere n o t n e g o t i a b l e . Cuba would n e v e r n e g o t i a t e i t s ' support f o r the P a l e s t i n i a n people, the people of Namibia, the oppressed p o p u l a t i o n o f South A f r i c a o r p e o p l e s s t r u g g l i n g f o r t h e i r l i b e r a t i o n . Cuba vrould n e v e r b e t r a y i t s p r i n c i p l e s and had d e m o n s t r a t e d . t h a t f a c t t h r o u g h i t s a c t i o n s o v e r the p a s t 25 y e a r s . 62. Mr. OGURTSOV ( B y e l o r u s s i a n S o v i e t S o c i a l i s t R e p u b l i c ) , s p e a k i n g i n e x e r c i s e o f the r i g h t o f r e p l y , s a i d t h a t r e c e n t e v e n t s r e l a t i n g t o P u e r t o R i c o had c o n f i r m e d the d i s q u i e t f e l t by t h e i n t e m a t i o n a i commvmity. The P r e s i d e n t o f the U n i t e d S t a t e s had made an o f f i c i a l s t a t e m e n t about t h e d e s i r e t o annex P u e r t o R i c o t o t h a t cotry - an a t t i t u d e w h i c h vras c o n t r a r y t o r e s o l u t i o n s o f the U n i t e d N a t i o n s S p e c i a l Committee on d e c o l o n i z a t i o n . I11 a d e c i s i o n t a k e n i n Avigust 19SI ( A / A C . 1 0 9 / 6 7 4 ) , t h a t Committee had a g a i n c a l l e d on t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s Government ·/. 4/198 2/SR. 11 page 15 to take a l l p o s s i b l e measures t o t r a n s f e r f u l l powers t o the p e o p l e o f P u e r t o R i c o , The S i x t h Conference o f H o n - A l i g n e d S t a t e s i n P¿i.vana had a l s o c a l l e d f o r the i m p l e m e n t a t i o n o f G e n e r a l Assembly r e s o l u t i o n 1514 ( X V ) , a s ha.dthe f o r e i g n m i n i s t e r s o f the n o n - a l i g n e d : C o u n t r i e s m e e t i n g i n F e b r u a r y 1 9 8 1 . The r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s was v e i l av/are o f those d e c i s i o n s . 65. W i t h regard, .to M i c r o n e s i a , events had shovm t h a t the i s l a n d T e r r i t o r y was i n danger o f b e i n g swallowed up by t h e a d m i n i s t e r i n g., vrhich vras p e r s i s t i n g .in i t s p o l i c y o f f r a g m e n t a t i o n and c h a n g i n g t h e s t a t u s o f t h e M i c r o n e s i a n p e o p l e i n t o one o f dependence, i n v i o l a t i o n o f the C h a r t e r . I t vras c l e a r t h a t , a f t e r 54 y e a r s , t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s v/as n o t a c t i n g I n the vray p r e s c r i b e d i n t h e C h a r t e r vrith r e g a r d t o trusteeship. 64. H i s d e l e g a t i o n r e p e a t e d t h a t a s o l u t i o n t o the q u e s t i o n o f M i c r o n e s i a formed p a r t o f the o v e r - a , l l d e c o l o n i z a i t i o n p r o c e s s . I m j change i n the s t a t u s o f M i c r o n e s i a as a T r u s t T e r r i t o r y p u r s u a n t t o the C h a r t e r c o u l d be e f f e c t e d o n l y by a d e c i s i o n o f the S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l . . U n i l a t e r a l a c t i o n by the a d m i n i s t e r i n g Pov.'er vras i l l e g a l and void. 65. The aim o f t h e referenduin i n P u e r t o R i c o , .mentioned by the U n i t e d S t a t e s r e p r e s e n t a t i v e , v.ras t o o v r e l l knovrn t o speak about. W i t h r e g a r d t o h i s ov.n c o u n t i i y , i t vras novr t h e p r a c t i c e f o r the c i t i z e n s t o a p p r a i s e l e g i s l a t i o n and t h e most i m p o r t a n t d e c i s i o n s o f S t a t e and l o c a l s i g n i f i c a n c e i n n a t i o r a r i d e p o l l s , a l l such d e c i s i o n s b e i n g f u l l y d i s c u s s e d and d e c i d e d upon by the vrorkers, p e a s a n t s and i n t e l l e c t u a l s . I n m a t t e r s r e l a t i n g t o n a t i o n a l development, d r a f t d e c i s i o n s and laws vrere g i v e n the vridest p u b l i c a t i o n and a l l p r a c t i c a l means vrere p r o v i d e d f o r t h e e x p r e s s i o n o f vievrs. 66. F o r example, the d r a f t c o n s t i t u t i o n o f t h e USSR i n 1977 and t h e d r a f t c o n s t i t u t i o n o f the B y e l o r u s s i a n SSR i n 1978 had been d i s c u s s e d by o v e r f o u r f i f t h s o f the e n t i r e p o p u l a t i o n . E a c h R e p u b l i c o f the USSR had i t s i n d i v i d u a l C o n s t i t u t i o n and c i t i z e n s h i p ; each one c o u l d conduct f o r e i g n r e l a t i o n s and had t h e r i g h t t o l e a v e the Union i f i t so chose. L e n i n had o f t e n s t r e s s e d t h a t the r i g h t t o s e l f d e t e r m i n a t i o n was f i r s t and f o r e m o s t the r i g h t t o c r e a t e an independent S t a t e . I n h i s vrork "The s o c i a l i s t r e v o l u t i o n and the r i g h t o f n a t i o n s t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n " , f o r example, he had s a i d t h a t the r i g h t t o n a t i o n a l s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n s i g n i f i e d e x c l u s i v e l y t h e r i g h t t o independence i n tlie p o l i t i c a l sense and t o bréale f r e e from an o p p r e s s o r n a t i o n . 67. I n c i d e n t a l l y , i t v.ras typicai-l tha .t the United. S t a t e s r e p r e s e n t a t i v e vra.s unable t o quote any f a c t s t o j u s t i f y I s r a e l ' s e x p a n s i o n i s t p o l i c y o r t h e support f o r t h a t p o l i c y , a g a i n s t t h e Ara.b na.tiens, g i v e n by the U n i t e d S t a t e s - a m a t t e r r a i s e d by t h e d e l e g a t i o n o f t h e B y e l o r u s s i a n SSR i n i t s statement on 4 Februarj'- 1 9 8 2 . E/CN .4/1982/ SÎÎ .11 page 1 68. Mr. TE SUN HOA (Democratic Kampuchea), s p e a k i n g i n e x e r c i s e o f the r i g h t o f r e p l y , s a i d t h a t t h r e e y e a r s p r e v i o u s l y , w i t h the a c t i v e s u p p o r t o f the Government o f P o l a n d , the Vietnamese army had i n v a d e d and o c c u p i e d Kampuchea, i n f l i c t i n g i n d e s c r i b a b l e s u f f e r i n g on i t s p e o p l e . I t v;as common knoviledge t h a t w i t h the a c t i v e s u p p o r t o f the same p a r t i e s c h e m i c a l v/eapons were a t p r e s e n t b e i n g i n t e n s i v e l y used a g a i n s t the Kampuchean p e o p l e . His d e l e g a t i o n xvould p r o v i d e f u r t h e r i n f o r m a t i o n on t h a t s u b j e c t under agenda i t e m 9. In s p i t e of such a s s i s t a n c e from the Government o f Poland and o t h e r Warsaw P a c t c o u n t r i e s , the Vietnamese army vias e n c o u n t e r i n g i n c r e a s i n g r e s i s t a n c e from the Kampuchean p e o p l e who wished t o l i v e i n freedom and independence. 69. The stage-managed e l e c t i o n , t o which the P o l i s h r e p r e s e n t a t i v e had r e f e r r e d , , c o u l d not c o n c e a l the f a c t t h a t the c u r r e n t a d m i n i s t r a t i o n i n Phnom Penh would not l a s t a day w i t h o u t the presence o f 250,000 Vietnamese s o l d i e r s . He v e n t u r e d t o s u g g e s t t h a t the P o l i s h r e p r e s e n t a t i v e would have done b e t t e r t o c o n f i n e h i m s e l f t o the i s s u e o f s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n i n P o l a n d r a t h e r than a t t e m p t t o u p h o l d an a c t o f a g g r e s s i o n which had been u n i v e r s a l l y condemned. 70. Mr. BENHIMA (Observer f o r M o r o c c o ) , s p e a k i n g i n e x e r c i s e o f the r i g h t o f r e p l y , p o i n t e d out t h a t the OAU I m p l e m e n t a t i o n Committee had met t h a t v e r y morning a t N a i r o b i and t h a t the P r e s i d e n t o f Kenya and the Chairman o f OAU had drawn a t t e n t i o n t o the agreement reached a t the Committee's p r e v i o u s meeting on the s t e p s t o be t a k e n w i t h a view t o the h o l d i n g o f a referendum and e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f a c e a s e - f i r e . The p a r t i e s t o the c o n f l i c t s h o u l d t h e r e f o r e a l l o w the Committee t o a c c o m p l i s h i t s t a s k i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h i t s c o n s c i e n c e and a b s t a i n from any a c t i o n l i k e l y t o i n t e r f e r e w i t h i t s work. 71. ' D e l e g a t i o n s would r e a l i z e the c o n t r a d i c t i o n i n h e r e n t i n s t a t e m e n t s t h a t the A f r i c a n s o l u t i o n was a c c e p t a b l e , on the one hand, and c a l l s f o r the same q u e s t i o n t o be c o n s i d e r e d by o t h e r b o d i e s on d i f f e r e n t b a s e s , on the o t h e r . There were many d e l e g a t i o n s vrhich d i d not w i s h t o t a k e up the q u e s t i o n o f Western Sahara i n view o f the f a c t t h a t OAU had been s e e k i n g v/ays and means o f r e a c h i n g a s e t t l e m e n t t h a t would put an end t o the t e n s i o n r e i g n i n g i n the north-western part of A f r i c a . I t was r e g r e t t a b l e t h a t some d e l e g a t i o n s were t r y i n g t o b l o c k the e f f o r t s o f the I m p l e m e n t a t i o n Committee by making demands ·which were u n r e l a t e d and none o f vrhich had been a c c e p t e d by the A f r i c a n Heads o f S t a t e . H i s d e l e g a t i o n vrished t o dravr the a t t e n t i o n o f the d e l e g a t i o n o f Madagascar t o the f a c t t h a t OAU had never r e c o g n i z e d the r e p r e s e n t a t i v e n a t u r e o f the P o l i s a r i o F r o n t and c o u l d n o t , t h e r e f o r e , o b l i g e Morocco t o d e a l w i t h a p a r t y which i t d i d not i t s e l f r e c o g n i z e . H i s d e l e g a t i o n c a l l e d upon the d e l e g a t i o n o f Madagascar t o d e s i s t from i t s e f f o r t s t o d e c e i v e the Commission by making e m o t i o n a l a p p e a l s the b e t t e r t o c o n c e a l i t s ovm h y p o c r i s y . 72. Mr. YOUSEF ( I r a q ) , s p e a k i n g i n e x e r c i s e o f the r i g h t o f r e p l y , s a i d t h a t the r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f the Z i o n i s t e n t i t y had v i o l a t e d r u l e 43 o f the r u l e s o f p r o c e d u r e i n t h a t h i s remarks on human r i g h t s i n I r a q and o t h e r Arab c o u n t r i e s were not germane t o the tvro agenda items under d i s c u s s i o n , which r e l a t e d t o I s r a e l i human r i g h t s v i o l a t i o n s i n the o c c u p i e d t e r r i t o r i e s . The I s r a e l i s f a l s i f i e d a l l the f a c t s o f h i s t o r y i n p o r t r a y i n g themselves as tho v i c t i m s o f f o u r wars o f a g g r e s s i o n . However, he was c o n f i d e n t t h a t the Commission would be a b l e t o d i s t i n g u i s h between the w o l f and the lamb. The Amnesty I n t e r n a t i o n a l r e p o r t s t o which r e f e r e n c e had been made were u n o f f i c i a l and c o u l d not be e x p l o i t e d by I s r a e l t o defend i t s e l f a g a i n s t the t r u s t w o r t h y r e p o r t s o f the S p e c i a l Committee s e t up t o i n v e s t i g a t e I s r a e l i p r a c t i c e s . E/CÏÏ .4/1982 /SR .11 page 17 73» . I s r a e l i n v a r i a b l y d i s r e g a r d e d t h e v i e w s o f t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community. In T e l A v i v , t h e r e a c t i o n t o t h e G e n e r a l Assembly r e s o l u t i o n on t h e a n n e x a t i o n o f t h e G o l a n H e i g h t s had been t h a t such d e c l a r a t i o n s had no b i n d i n g f o r c e and t h a t , as the s a y i n g went, "the dogs bark., but t h e c a r a v a n p a s s e s " . 74» V i t h r e g a r d t o t h e r e f e r e n c e t o t h e P r e s i d e n t o f I r a q , he was proud t h a t h i s c o u n t r y was headed by a man who v/as r e a d y t o l i b e r a t e t h e i n h a b i t a n t s o f t h e o c c u p i e d t e r r i t o r i e s by t h e t e c h n i c a l means a t h i s d i s p o s a l . 75» I n c o n c l u s i o n , he had been i n t e r e s t e d t o note t h a t t h e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f t h e Z i o n i s t e n t i t y had c o n f i r m e d I s r a e l ' s a l l i a n c e w i t h I r a n , 7 6 . ..Mr, PAOITOY ( S y r i a n Arab R e p u b l i c ) , s p e a k i n g i n e x e r c i s e o f t h e r i g h t o f r e p l y , s a i d t h a t t h e a c c u s a t i o n s l e v e l l e d a g a i n s t i t had n o t p l e a s e d t h e r a c i s t Z i o n i s t e n t i t y , which c l a i m e d t h e y were a l l f i g m e n t s o f t h e i m a g i n a t i o n . I t claimed that the o c c u p i e d t e r r i t o r i e s were open t o i n s p e c t i o n . I f such was t h e c a s e , why were the t e r r i t o r i e s . n o t open t o the S p e c i a l Committee, a l l o f whose communications had remained unanswered? F u r t h e r m o r e , t h e i m a g i n a r y a c c u s a t i o n s appeared t o have g a i n e d u n i v e r s a l c u r r e n c y , s i n c e t h e y had been c o n f i r m e d i n t h e S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l , t h e G e n e r a l A s s e m b l y , WHO, ILO and, i n d e e d , AiTinesty I n t e m a t i o n a i , w h i c h t h e . ' r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f t h e Z i o n i s t e n t i t y had so f r e e l y mentioned. He t o o would ^uote' Amnesty I n t e r n a t i o n a l ' s f i n d i n g s , namely, t h e r e p o r t and recoraraendations o f a m i s s i o n t o t h e Government o f t h e S t a t e o f I s r a e l , d a t e d September I 9 8 O , w h i c h c o n c e n t r a t e d on t h e l a c k o f a d n i n i s t r a t i v e and l e g a l s a f e g u a r d s f o r s e r u r i t y s u s p e c t s . Persons coiiLd be d e t a i n e d w i t h o u t charge o r t r i a l , and need n o t be i n f o r m e d e i t h e r o f the r e a s o n f o r d o t e n t i o n o r o f t h e e v i d e n c e a g a i n s t them. One such a d m i n i s t r a t i v e d e t a i n e e had been h e l d s i n c e Ifey I 9 7 5 . . F u r t h e r m o r e , i n J u l y 1980, p u b l i c e x p r e s s i o n o f sytapathy f o r i l l e g a l o r g a n i z a t i o n s had been made an o f f e n c e p u n i s h a b l e b y up t o t h r e e y e a r s ' imprisonjnent. Opponents o f t h a t measure' had a s s e r t e d t h a t i t was. designed t o s t i f l e l e g i t i m a t e expression o f o p i n i o n . 77» Q u o t i n g a work by Adam T a y l o r , L ' e s p r i t s i o n i s t e , he s a i d t h a t t h e I s r a e l i Government had c l e a r l y i n d i c a t e d i t s i n t e n t i o n o f i n c o r p o r a t i n g a t l e a s t p a r t o f the o c c u p i e d t e r r i t o r i e s . A s e a r l y as I 9 4 O , an o f f i c i a l o f the J e w i s h Agency had c o n s i d e r e d .that t h e r e was no p l a c e i n P a l e s t i n e f o r t h e tvro p e o p l e s and t h a t t h e o n l y s o l u t i o n was t o t r a n s f e r a l l t h e A r a b s vrithout e x c e p t i o n t o t h e n e i g h b o t i r i n g countries. The G u a r d i a n o f 8 F e b r u a r y 1 9 8 2 , under t h e . t i t l e " I s r a e l j u s t grows and grows", had s t a t e d t h a t t h e r e were s t i l l c o u n t r i e s on w h i c h I s r a e l c o u l d r e l y , even-at t h e h e i g h t o f an e x p a n s i o n i s t movement v-rhich vras e l i i a i n a t i n g t h e l a s t traces of Palestinian rights. Europe and t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s were c o n n i v i n g a t · a n n e x a t i o n s by I s r a e l ; i t might bo vrondered whether i t would be t h e t u r n o f s o u t h e r n Lebanon n e x t . G e n e r a l Assembly r e s o l u t i o n 36/22 h a d c o r r e c t l y d e s c r i b e d I s r a e l as "not a p e a c e - l o v i n g S t a t e " and d e c l a r e d t h a t i t had "not c a r r i e d out i t s o b l i g a t i o n s under t h e C h a r t e r " , ; , ' ' . t8, Mr. FELDMAH ( U n i t e d S t a t e s ) , s p e a k i n g i n e x e r c i s e o f t h e r i g h t o f r e p l y , s a i d t h a t i n 1 9 5 2 , P u e r t o R i c o had h e l d t h e c o n s t i t u t i o n a l referendum w h i c h had; e s t a b l i s h e d i t s commonwealth r e l a t i o n s h i p vrith the U n i t e d States.* 374 ,000 person's had v o t e d i n f a v o u r and 8 3 , 0 0 0 a g a i n s t , Tvro subsequent r e f e r e n d a had been h e l d , g i v i n g a s i m i l a r overwhelming m a j o r i t y i n f a v o u r o f t h e r e l a t i o n s h i p . He vras i n t e r e s t e d t o note t h a t the USSR C o n s t i t u t i o n d i d not c o n t a i n any p r o v i s i o n f o r a E/CN .4 /1982/SR.11 page 18 procedure whereby a S o v i e t S o c i a l i s t R e p u b l i c might e i t h e r secede f r o m the U n i o n o r even i n i t i a t e d i s c u s s i o n on the s u b j e c t . Such a p r o v i s i o n was m i s s i n g even f r o m the 1922 C o n s t i t u t i o n , T u r n i n g t o the q u e s t i o n o f M i c r o n e s i a , he a s s u r e d the B y e l o r u s s i a n r e p r e s e n t a t i v e t h a t t h e r e would be a c t i o n t o change the t r u s t e e s h i p s t a t u s o n l y under the r e l e v a n t procedure f o r t e r m i n a t i o n o f s t r a t e g i c trusteeships. · 79. He was p u z z l e d t o h e a r the Cuban r e p r e s e n t a t i v e r e f e r to U n i t e d S t a t e s t h r e a t s ; he was not aware t h a t h i s d e l e g a t i o n had made any t h r e a t s . 80. Mr. ZAPERA (Madagascar), spealcing i n e x e r c i s e o f the r i g h t o f r e p l y , s a i d t h a t the Moroccan r e p r e s e n t a t i v e had endeavoured to d i v e r t a t t e n t i o n f r o m the i m p o r t a n t i s s u e o f Western Sahara. V i o l a t i o n s o f human r i g h t s had occTirred ..and . t h e Commission was competent t o c o n s i d e r them. I n what way c o u l d t h a t hamper the p o l i t i c a l work o f OAU? Perhaps Morocco had something t o h i d e . With regard t o the r e p r e s e n t a t i v e n e s s o f the P o l i s a r i o F r o n t , he would recommend t h e I'brocoan r e p r e s e n t a t i v e t o c o n s u l t the r e c o r d s of the U n i t e d N a t i o n s and OAU. 81. Mr. SERGIWA ( L i b y a n Arab J a m a h i r i y a ) , r e p l y , s a i d t h a t L i b y a n t r o o p s had e n t e r e d Government o f t h a t c o m t r y i n order' t o put w i t h d r a w n at t h e r e q u e s t o f the Government w h i c h thousands had been k i l l e d . s p e a k i n g i n e x e r c i s e o f the r i g h t o f Chad at t h e i n v i t a t i o n of the Head o f an end t o the c i v i l war. They had a f t e r t h e y had a c t e d t o end the war i n 82. W i t h r e g a r d t o the I s r a e l i charge o f t e r r o r i s m , he would ask the Commission t o decide'whether the t e r r o r i s t s were t h o s e who s u p p o r t e d the r i g h t o f the P a l e s t i n i a n people t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n o r those who annexed o c c u p i e d t e r r i t o r i e s and c r e a t e d r e f u g e e problems. L i b y a vras b e i n g accused o f t e r r o r i s i n because i t a s s i s t e d l i b e r a t i o n movements s t r u g g l i n g a g a i n s t the Z i o n i s t e n t i t y , South M r i c a and the U n i t e d S t a t e s , 83. Mr. SOFFER ( I s r a e l ) , s p e a k i n g f o r t h e second time i n e x e r c i s e o f the r i g h t o f r e p l y , s a i d t h a t i f the S y r i a n représentative was prouá o f the P r e s i d e n t o f S y r i a ' s t h r e a t t o bomb T e l Aviv' w i t h a l l the means at h i s d i s p o s a l , he must l e a v e i t t o the Commission t o d e c i d e who was the v i c t i m and who the a g g r e s s o r . The S y r i a n r e p r e s e n t a t i v e had quoted e x c e r p t s f r o m Amnesty I n t e r n a t i o n a l ' s r e p o r t on I s r a e l w h o l l y out o f c o n t e x t . 84. Mr. DAOUDY ( S y r i a n Arab R e p u b l i c ) , s p e a k i n g f o r the second time i n e x e r c i s e o f the r i g h t of r e p l y , s a i d that- the statement by the r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f the Z i o n i s t e n t i t y was hot worthy o f a r e s p o n s e . 83. · Mr. YOUSEF ( I r a q ) , s p e a k i n g f o r the second time i n e x i e r c i s e o f the r i g h t o f r e p l y , s a i d ho w i s h e d t o r e a f f i r m t h a t a l l A r a b n a t i o n s , i n c l u d i n g I r a q , were c o n v i n c e d t h a t t h e y had the r i g h t t o l i b e r a t e the o c c u p i e d t e r r i t o r i e s by a l l means, i n c l u d i n g armed s t r u g g l e , as r e c o g n i z e d by the U n i t e d N a t i o n s . The O r g a n i z a t i o n ' s r e s o l u t i o n s d i d not c o n s t i t u t e an a l t e r n a t i v e t o armed s t r u g g l e when the a p p r o p r i a t e time Csune. E/CN .4/1982 /SR .11 page 19 86. .. OGURTSOV ( B y e l o r u s s i a n S o v i e t S o c i a l i s t R e p u b l i c ) , s p e a k i n g f o r t h e second time i n e x e r c i s e o f t h e r i g h t o f r e p l y , s a i d ho c o u l d p r o v i d e f u r t h e r i n f o r m a t i o n t o the U n i t e d S t a t e s r e p r e s e n t a t i v e about t h e e x p r e s s i o n o f o p i n i o n i n h i s c o u n t r y . B y e l o r u s s i a n c i t i z e n s d i s c u s s e d l e g i s l a t i o n on l a b o u r and h o u s i n g - n o t f a m i l i a r s u b j e c t s i n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s - p e n s i o n s and n a t u r e c o n s e r v a t i o n . The A l l - U n i o n C o u n c i l o f S o v i e t s , which had p r o c l a i m e d t h o f o u n d a t i o n o f t h e S o v i e t U n i o n i n 1 9 2 2 , had e n s h r i n e d i n i t s C o n s t i t u t i o n tho p r i n c i p l e o f a s i n g l e m u l t i n a t i o n a l S t a t e based on t h e s o v e r e i g n e q u a l i t y o f t h e p a r t n e r s . Each S o v i e t S o c i a l i s t R e p u b l i c r e t a i n e d autonomy o v e r m a t t e r s o f a p o l i t i c a l , s o c i a l and c u l t u r a l n a t u r e , each h s d i t s own C o n s t i t u t i o n - adapted t o l o c a l r e q u i r e m e n t s , and each r e t a i n e d tho r i g h t to enter i n t o r e l a t i o n s h i p s w i t h f o r e i g n S t a t e s . The c o n s t i t u t i o n a l r i g h t s o f t h e S o v i e t s o c i a l i s t r e p u b l i c s wore i n a l i e n a b l e . 87. T u r n i n g t o t h e q u e s t i o n o f P u e r t o R i c o , ho s a i d t h a t t h e P r e s i d e n t o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s h a d r e c e n t l y spoken about t h e d e s i r a b i l i t y o f u r d f i c a t i o n between t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s and P u e r t o R i c o i n b r e a c h o f t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s p r i n c i p l e o f decolonization. That move was h a r d l y s u r p r i s i n g ! P u e r t o R i c o c o n s t i t u t e d an u n s i n k a b l e a i r c r a f t c a r r i e r and I 6 U n i t e d S t a t e s bases were l o c a t e d t h e r e . He need add no comment on t h e s u b j e c t o f Puerto R i c a n r e f e r e n d a s i n c e t h e v a l u e o f r e f e r e n d a h e l d by t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s was common knowledge. 88. Mr. BEHHIM/i. (), s p e a k i n g f o r t h e second time i n e x e r c i s e o f t h e r i g h t o f r e p l y , s a i d t h a t t h e Malagasy r e p r e s e n t a t i v e had been g u i l t y o f bad f a i t h . He c h a l l e n g e d h i m t o produce a s i n g l o OAU document w h i c h r e c o g n i z e d t h o P o l i s a r i o F r o n t . The Commission might f i n d i t h a r d t o u n d e r s t a n d t h e presence a t i t s meetings o f members o f t h a t F r o n t , who v/ere n a t i o n a l s o f M a u r i t a n i a , w e a r i n g badges s u p p l i e d by some o t h e r d e l e g a t i o n . 89. Mr. SCHIFTER ( U n i t e d S t a t e s ) , s p e a k i n g f o r t h e second time i n e x e r c i s e o f t h o r i g h t o f r e p l y , s a i d t h a t what t h o P r e s i d e n t o f t h o U n i t e d S t a t e s had a c t u a l l y s a i d was t h a t i f P u e r t o R i c o so d e s i r e d , i t c o u l d become a S t a t e . However, the Byelorussia r e p r e s e n t a t i v e had been r i g h t about e l e c t i o n s h e l d by the U n i t e d S t a t e s ; i t was i n d e e d conïïaon knowledge t h a t t h o y v/ore f r e e . 90. Mr. ZAFERA (Madagascar) spealcing f o r t h e second time i n e x e r c i s e o f t h e r i g h t o f r e p l y , s a i d t h a t p l e a s a n t - s o u n d i n g words d i d n o t h i n g t o s o l v e t h e r e a l p r o b l o n o f t h e i n h a b i t a n t s o f W e s t e r n Sahara. 91. The s a i d t h a t d i s c u s s i o n o f agenda i t e m 4 had been c o n c l u d e d . The meeting r o s o a t 8 p.m.