Sixty-first session Agenda items 123 and 132 Human resources management Administrative and budgetary aspects of the financing of the United Nations peacekeeping operations Special measures for protection from sexual exploitation and sexual abuse Report of the Secretary-General Summary The present report is submitted in compliance with General Assembly resolution 57/306 of 15 April 2003, in which the Assembly requested the Secretary-General to maintain data on investigations into sexual exploitation and related offences. The report presents data on allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse in the United Nations system for the period from January to December 2006. It also describes progress made in the enforcement of United Nations standards of conduct related to sexual exploitation and abuse. I. Introduction 1. The General Assembly, in its resolution 57/306, requested the Secretary-General to, inter alia, maintain data on investigations into sexual exploitation and related offences by humanitarian and peacekeeping personnel, and all relevant actions taken thereon. Pursuant to that resolution, the Secretary-General on 9 October 2003 issued his bulletin on special measures for protection from sexual exploitation and sexual abuse (ST/SGB/2003/13). It was addressed to all staff of the United Nations, including staff of separately administered organs and programmes. As defined in the bulletin, “sexual exploitation” means any actual or attempted abuse of a position of vulnerability, differential power, or trust, for sexual purposes, including, but not limited to, profiting monetarily, socially or politically from the sexual exploitation of another. The term “sexual abuse” means actual or threatened physical intrusion of a sexual nature, whether by force or under unequal or coercive conditions. 2. In response to the request in resolution 57/306, and in accordance with the Secretary-General’s bulletin, the present report provides information on the number and type of allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse in 2006. It also sets out the status of investigations into those allegations as at 31 December 2006, and describes progress made in the enforcement of United Nations standards of conduct related to sexual exploitation and abuse. II. Reports of sexual exploitation and abuse in 2006 3. In response to the Secretariat’s request, information on allegations of sexual exploitation or sexual abuse reported in 2006 was provided by all 41 United Nations entities from which information had been sought. Annex I provides a list of the entities requested to submit information, which included United Nations Secretariat departments and offices, as well as United Nations agencies, funds and programmes. Five entities reported receiving new allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse in 2006, whereas thirty-six entities received no allegations. The total number of new allegations reported by all entities totalled 371. 4. The nature of the allegations and the outcome of investigations are detailed in the annexes to the present report. The omission of a reference to a particular entity from these annexes means that no allegations were reported for the personnel from that entity. Since allegations relating to the Department of Peacekeeping Operations involve civilian, military, police and corrections personnel and each category requires different procedures for follow-up, they are presented separately in the annexes. 5. There were 14 allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse involving personnel of United Nations entities other than the Department of Peacekeeping Operations. Annex II presents the number of allegations, by the nature of allegations and the United Nations entity. 6. Pursuant to resolution 59/287, in which the General Assembly mandated the Office of Internal Oversight Services (OIOS) to conduct investigations into allegations of serious misconduct, allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse are now reported to OIOS for investigation. Investigations in the separately administered funds and programmes are conducted by their respective investigative units. Allegations reported to OIOS are recorded and evaluated, and then either prioritized for investigation or closed, as appropriate. Allegations which are prioritized for investigation then undergo a preliminary investigation to determine whether the evidence available warrants further investigation. If it is determined that the evidence available is sufficient to proceed with the case, the case remains open. During this phase, the assigned investigator verifies and ensures that all relevant information has been obtained from the complainant. 7. Annex III presents the status of the investigations into allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse involving personnel of United Nations entities other than the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, as at 31 December 2006. The outcome of the completed investigations is summarized below: (a) The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) reported five cases. One case was determined to be substantiated and the staff member was summarily dismissed. Three cases were determined to be unsubstantiated. One case remained under investigation as at 31 December 2006; (b) The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) reported three allegations. Two of the allegations were made against the same staff member who was found to have undertaken actions incompatible with his status as an UNRWA staff member and was dismissed. With respect to the third allegation, the staff member admitted to the conduct and was censured with a letter to his file. The apology of the staff member was also accepted by the complainant; (c) The United Nations Volunteers (UNV) reported two allegations. One allegation was made against a United Nations volunteer assigned to UNDP in Liberia and the other allegation was made against a United Nations volunteer assigned to the United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC). Both allegations were reported to OIOS and the allegation relating to the United Nations volunteer in MONUC was also investigated by the UNV Headquarters and found to be unsubstantiated. In both cases, the outcome of OIOS investigations is not yet known; (d) The World Food Programme (WFP) reported four allegations. Two allegations were reported against one staff member who was subsequently dismissed. Investigations into the other two allegations revealed that the two individuals were employees of a WFP contractor and not WFP staff members; however, the identities of the individuals could not be ascertained. WFP subsequently implemented measures to promote compliance by contractors with United Nations standards of conduct related to sexual exploitation and abuse. 8. There were 357 allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse involving personnel of the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, as reported to OIOS in 2006. Annex IV provides the number of allegations, by month and peacekeeping mission. The highest number of allegations were reported in MONUC, with a total of 147 allegations. 9. Annex V presents the status of the investigations into allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse involving personnel of the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, as at 31 December 2006. Of the 357 allegations reported, 82 investigations of United Nations personnel were completed as at 31 December 2006. The results of the investigations were as follows: (a) Of the 66 investigations of military personnel conducted, allegations in 53 investigations were determined to be unsubstantiated and allegations in the remaining 13 were determined to be substantiated. All 13 individuals were repatriated to their home countries on disciplinary grounds. The Department of Peacekeeping Operations has communicated the results of these investigations to troop-contributing countries and has received feedback on action taken by two Member States against seven military personnel. Action taken by Member States included three demotions in rank, four custodial sentences and five dismissals from the armed services; (b) Of the 12 investigations of civilian personnel conducted, allegations in 2 investigations were substantiated. In one investigation, the staff member resigned from service with the United Nations prior to the completion of the investigation; however, the results of the completed investigation indicated that the staff member had committed sexual exploitation or abuse. In another investigation involving one contractor, the contract was terminated; (c) Of the four investigations conducted against police and corrections personnel, allegations in one investigation involving one police officer were substantiated. 10. Annex VI presents the number of investigations into allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse involving personnel of the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, by category of United Nations personnel and the nature of the allegations. Since some allegations may report incomplete or inconsistent facts from different sources, the precise nature of the allegation can be properly ascertained only after an investigation is completed. For example, there are cases in which allegations of prostitution involving minors have been made, but investigations may subsequently show that the alleged victim was not a minor but over the age of 18 years. III. Observations 11. The total number of allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse reported remained relatively constant, with 371 allegations reported in 2006, compared with 373 reported in 2005. 12. There was a decrease in the number of allegations relating to personnel from United Nations entities other than the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, with 14 allegations reported in 2006. In 2005, there were 33 allegations made against non-Department of Peacekeeping Operations personnel; however, 14 of those allegations related to the distribution of pornography via e-mail. In the present report, allegations relating to the viewing or distribution of pornography that do not involve beneficiaries of assistance are not included, as these actions were determined not to constitute the type of misconduct targeted by the Secretary-General’s bulletin on sexual exploitation and abuse. Such acts, however, continue to be treated as misconduct and are subject to disciplinary proceedings. 13. The majority of all allegations, or 357 of the total 371 allegations, relate to personnel from the Department of Peacekeeping Operations. This figure represents a 5 per cent increase from the 340 allegations reported in 2005; however, it should be noted that the number of peacekeeping personnel increased by approximately 14 per cent in 2006. The increased number of allegations can be partly attributed to better reporting mechanisms, as this period coincided with the creation of dedicated conduct and discipline teams, the establishment of resident Office of Internal Oversight Services offices in a number of Department of Peacekeeping Operations missions, strengthened coordination of reporting mechanisms and the focused implementation of the comprehensive strategy of the Department of Peacekeeping Operations to address sexual exploitation and abuse. As the prevention and enforcement efforts undertaken by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations began to take root, reports of sexual exploitation and abuse began to decline towards the end of 2006; only 12 allegations were reported in December 2006, compared with 97 allegations reported in January 2006. 14. During the course of 2006, a number of challenges relating to the recording of allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse by personnel of the Department of Peacekeeping Operations emerged. While certain allegations are reported directly to OIOS, the same allegations may be reported to the missions as well. Moreover, multiple allegations reported to OIOS may relate to a single individual; conversely, a single allegation may be made in respect of more than one individual. The confidentiality requirements that bind OIOS pose challenges for the comparison and harmonization of data received by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations through its missions. Both entities are developing mechanisms and procedures to synchronize data collection. IV. Strengthening measures for protection from sexual exploitation and sexual abuse Continued compliance with the Secretary-General’s bulletin 15. In 2006, continued progress was made in implementing baseline measures to discourage the occurrence of sexual exploitation and abuse and to facilitate responding to and reporting on such incidents when they occur. According to the Secretary-General’s bulletin on sexual exploitation and abuse (ST/SGB/2003/13), all entities are to uphold certain specific minimum standards, including: (a) The designation of a focal point for receiving complaints of sexual exploitation and abuse in each United Nations entity, and informing staff of the existence and purpose of the focal point. Entities with field operations and missions are also required to inform the local population of the existence and purpose of the focal point; (b) Distribution of the Secretary-General’s bulletin ST/SGB/2003/13; (c) Taking prompt action in accordance with established rules and procedures to deal with cases of staff misconduct; (d) Promptly informing the Department of Management at Headquarters of investigations into cases of sexual exploitation and abuse, and the actions an office has taken as a result. 16. All 41 entities providing information for the present report confirmed compliance with the standards set out in the Secretary-General’s bulletin. 17. Language requiring consultants and individual contractors to abide by the standards of conduct relating to the prohibition of sexual exploitation and abuse set out in the Secretary-General’s bulletin ST/SGB/2003/13 was introduced, effective 1 April 2006, to administrative instruction ST/AI/1999/7 on consultants and individual contractors and the accompanying General Conditions of Contracts for the Services of Consultants or Individual Contractors. Executive officers in all duty stations were also instructed to provide new consultants and individual contractors with a text of the bulletin. 18. Similarly, the United Nations General Conditions of Contract, applicable to corporate contractors, were first amended in June 2005 and subsequently revised in February 2006, in order to include an obligation on the part of the contractor to take all appropriate measures to prevent sexual exploitation or abuse of anyone by the contractor or by any of its employees or any other persons who may be engaged by the contractor to perform any services under the contract. Task Force on Protection from Sexual Exploitation and Abuse 19. In 2005, the joint Task Force on Protection from Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (“Task Force”) was established by the Executive Committees on Humanitarian Affairs and Peace and Security. The Task Force, chaired by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations and the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, continued to carry out its mandate to create a strong supportive environment for dealing with sexual exploitation and abuse and to develop policy recommendations for establishing common understanding regarding managerial responsibilities. Non-governmental organizations were invited to join the membership of the Task Force in June 2006 in order to enhance its efficacy, and the Task Force was renamed the Executive Committees on Humanitarian Affairs and Peace and Security United Nations and Non-Governmental Organizations Task Force on Protection from Sexual Exploitation and Abuse. Furthermore, the Task Force determined that it would concentrate its efforts on activities that would lead to United Nations-wide strategies to address sexual exploitation and abuse. 20. With a view to enabling victims of sexual exploitation and abuse to receive the assistance they need, the Task Force engaged in broad consultations with Member States to finalize the draft policy statement and comprehensive strategy on assistance and support to victims of sexual exploitation and abuse by United Nations staff and related personnel. The draft policy statement and strategy were presented in the letter dated 25 May 2006 (A/60/877) from the Secretary-General to the President of the General Assembly. 21. At its resumed session in December 2006, the Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations considered the proposal and reiterated its belief that a strategy for victim assistance is an important element of a comprehensive response to the problem of sexual exploitation and abuse. On the basis that the draft comprehensive strategy may have a United Nations-wide application, the Special Committee invited the President of the General Assembly to convene an Ad Hoc Open-ended Working Group on Assistance and Support to Victims of Sexual Exploitation and Abuse, with a view to reporting the results of their deliberations to the General Assembly before the end of the sixty-first session. Meanwhile, the Special Committee confirmed that until a comprehensive strategy for assistance to victims of sexual exploitation and abuse has been adopted, peacekeeping missions should continue to provide emergency assistance to victims of sexual exploitation and abuse within current mission budgets. Department of Peacekeeping Operations Conduct and Discipline Teams 22. Following the establishment of a Conduct and Discipline Team in the Department of Peacekeeping Operations in New York in November 2005, dedicated personnel were deployed to the field in 2005 and 2006. The following peacekeeping missions had Conduct and Discipline Teams as at 31 December 2006: United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA), United Nations Integrated Office in Burundi (BINUB), United Nations Operations in Côte d’Ivoire (UNOCI), MONUC, United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL), United Nations Interim Administration in Kosovo (UNMIK), United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH), United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP), United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS) and United Nations Integrated Office in Sierra Leone (UNIOSIL). 23. The creation of Conduct and Discipline Teams has strengthened the capacity to address misconduct in a more consistent manner. The Conduct and Discipline Team at Headquarters in New York develops strategies for addressing conduct and discipline throughout the Department of Peacekeeping Operations and provides oversight on the state of conduct and discipline for all categories of personnel in all missions administered by the Department. 24. The Conduct and Discipline Teams in the missions act as principal advisers to heads of mission on all conduct and discipline issues involving all categories of personnel and implement measures to prevent misconduct, to enforce United Nations standards of conduct and to ensure remedial action when it is required. The teams also receive and monitor allegations of misconduct, including sexual exploitation and abuse, forward the allegations to the appropriate investigating authorities and provide feedback to victims and host populations on the outcome of investigations. 25. The Conduct and Discipline Teams are also responsible for developing and delivering training and awareness-raising to United Nations personnel and host populations on the standards contained in the Secretary-General’s bulletin on sexual exploitation and abuse. The teams continue to deliver training to all peacekeeping personnel upon entry into peacekeeping locations, using a training module entitled “Prevention of sexual exploitation and abuse”, together with other training tools such as a video on United Nations codes of conduct. Modules for training middle and senior management on their responsibilities to prevent sexual exploitation and abuse were developed in 2006 and are expected to be finalized and distributed before the end of 2007. 26. The Department of Peacekeeping Operations, through its conduct and discipline teams, continues to develop and implement policies and strategies to prevent sexual exploitation and abuse. Standard operating procedures on the establishment of welfare and recreation facilities were also developed in 2006 and have been disseminated to missions. High-Level Conference on sexual exploitation and abuse 27. To supplement efforts to seek broad support for a United Nations-wide strategy on sexual exploitation and abuse, a High-Level Conference on sexual exploitation and abuse by United Nations and non-governmental personnel was held in New York on 4 December 2006. The conference was hosted jointly by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). It was attended by representatives of international organizations, non-governmental organizations and Member States. 28. The conference served as an occasion for senior leaders within the United Nations, non-governmental organizations and international organizations to evaluate current achievements and challenges faced in preventing and responding to sexual exploitation and abuse by their personnel. It also presented an opportunity for senior leaders of these organizations to chart the way forward in preventing future acts of sexual exploitation and abuse by their personnel. The conference culminated with the issuance of a Statement of Commitment on Eliminating Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by United Nations and Non-United Nations Personnel, which contained 10 principles to facilitate rapid implementation of standards relating to the prevention and elimination of sexual exploitation and abuse. The Statement will form the basis of a United Nations-wide strategy to address sexual exploitation and abuse and the host agencies of the conference will take the lead in developing a common, strategic, institutional plan. Of the 41 entities providing information for the present report, 40 confirmed endorsement of the Statement. A total of 27 nonUnited Nations entities have also endorsed the Statement. Other draft policies currently under consideration 29. In addition to the draft policy statement and comprehensive strategy on assistance and support to victims of sexual exploitation and abuse, a number of draft policies required as part of an integrated strategy to prevent sexual exploitation and abuse remain under consideration by the Member States. 30. At its fifty-ninth session, the General Assembly, in endorsing a package of reforms to address sexual exploitation and abuse, recommended revising the draft model memorandum of understanding between the United Nations and troop-contributing countries to incorporate United Nations standards of conduct. The draft model memorandum of understanding was presented in the report of the Secretary-General (A/61/494) and subsequently finalized by the Ad Hoc Working Group of Experts of the Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations. In June 2007, the Special Committee considered the draft and decided to recommend to the General Assembly to request the Secretary-General to include the proposed amendments in the model memorandum of understanding. 31. At the same session, the General Assembly also recommended that the Secretary-General appoint a panel of experts to (a) provide advice on ensuring the accountability of United Nations personnel for acts committed while serving in United Nations operations; (b) provide advice on whether, and if so how, the standards relating to address sexual exploitation and abuse could bind contingent members prior to the conclusion of a memorandum of understanding between the United Nations and a troop-contributing country, and (c) study and propose ways of standardizing the norms of conduct applicable to all categories of personnel. The two groups of legal experts presented their recommendations in notes by the Secretary-General (see A/60/980 and A/61/645), currently under consideration by the General Assembly. V. Conclusions 32. During the period under review, the United Nations has continued to make crucial progress in establishing a sustainable framework within which to address sexual exploitation and abuse. The creation of Conduct and Discipline Teams within the Department of Peacekeeping Operations has led to focused and coordinated responses to prevention and enforcement of sexual exploitation and abuse and related standards of conduct. The High-Level Conference on sexual exploitation and abuse and the work of the Executive Committees on Humanitarian Affairs and Peace and Security Task Force on Protection from Sexual Exploitation and Abuse are important steps towards institutionalizing comprehensive, United Nations-wide implementation of prevention of abuse and the enforcement of the standards of conduct and strategic collaboration with non-governmental organization partners. The draft policies currently under consideration by the General Assembly will also serve as essential elements of a comprehensive strategy to prevent sexual exploitation and abuse, once they are finalized and implemented. 33. The number of allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse reported in 2006 remained constant, indicating that the problem of sexual exploitation and abuse will continue to pose significant challenges for the United Nations in the future. The Organization recognizes that it will be necessary to establish more effective reporting mechanisms, improve investigation procedures, and strengthen community outreach. 34. The Secretariat remains committed to changing the organizational culture to deter acts of sexual exploitation and abuse and urges Member States to provide their full support to both assisting the Organization in its efforts and adopting the necessary policies to ensure that the zero-tolerance policy is equally applied to all troop contingents. 35. The General Assembly is requested to take note of the present report. Annex I United Nations entities requested to provide information on allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse The United Nations entities requested to provide information on allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse are listed below. The entities marked with an asterisk reported that new allegations of sexual exploitation or abuse were received during the period from January to December 2006. All other entities reported that no allegations were received for that period. • Office of the Secretary-General • Office of Internal Oversight Services • Office of Legal Affairs • Department of Political Affairs • Department for Disarmament Affairs • Department of Peacekeeping Operations* • Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs • Department of Economic and Social Affairs • Department for General Assembly and Conference Management • Department of Public Information • Department of Safety and Security • Department of Management • Peacebuilding Support Office • Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict • United Nations Joint Staff Pension Fund • Office of the Special Adviser on Africa • United Nations Conference on Trade and Development • Office of the High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island Developing States • Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights • United Nations Office at Geneva • United Nations Office at Nairobi (including United Nations Environmental Programme and United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)) • United Nations Office at Vienna (including United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime) • Economic Commission for Africa • Economic Commission for Europe • Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean • Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific • Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia • Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees* • United Nations Children’s Fund • United Nations Development Programme • United Nations Development Fund for Women • United Nations Volunteers* • United Nations Population Fund • United Nations Office for Project Services • United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East* • United Nations University • Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS • International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda • International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia • International Trade Centre • World Food Programme* Annex II Nature of allegations, by United Nations entities other than the Department of Peacekeeping Operations* 1 January-31 December 2006 Nature of allegation UNHCR staff UNRWA staff UNV (other personnel) WFP staff WFP (other personnel) Subtotal Sex with minors 0 0 0 0 1 1 Exploitative sexual relationship 4 0 0 1 0 5 Sex with prostitutes 0 0 1 1 1 3 Sexual assault 1 1 0 0 0 2 Rape 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other (sexual advances towards minors) 0 2 0 0 0 2 Other (arranging for employment for beneficiary of assistance) 0 0 1 0 0 1 Total 5 3 2 2 2 14 * Entities reporting no allegations are not listed. Annex III Status of investigations into allegations reported in 2006, for personnel of United Nations entities other than the Department of Peacekeeping Operations 1 January-31 December 2006 Status of investigation as at 31 December 2006 Entity Total allegations received Unsubstantiated or closed Substantiated Investigation ongoing UNHCR 5 3 1 1 UNRWA* 3 0 3 0 UNV 2 0 0 2 WFP** 4 2 1 0 * Two of the three allegations reported by UNRWA related to the same staff member. ** Two of the four allegations reported by WFP related to the same staff member. Annex IV Number of allegations reported to the Office of Internal Oversight Services in 2006, for personnel of the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, by peacekeeping mission Mission January February March April May June July August September October November December Total MINUSTAH 4 1 6 8 4 1 3 2 4 11 1 3 48 MINURSO — — — — — — — — — — 1 — 1 MONUC 39 66 19 14 6 2 3 3 8 3 9 4 176 ONUB/BINUB 14 1 1 1 1 1 3 — — — 2 — 24 UNFICYP 1 1 — — — 1 — — — — — 1 4 UNIOSIL — — — — 1 — — — — — 1 — 2 UNMEE — — — 2 — 1 — — — — — — 3 UNMIK 1 — — — — — — — — — — 1 2 UNMIL 34 5 5 5 5 8 2 — — 3 3 1 71 UNMIS 1 1 3 2 — 4 — 3 — — 3 2 19 UNOCI 3 — — — — — 1 — — 1 1 — 6 UNOMIG — — 1 — — — — — — — — — 1 UNMOGIP — — — — — — — — — — — — 0 UNTSO/UNSCO — — — — — — — — — — — — 0 UNDOF — — — — — — — — — — — — 0 UNIFIL — — — — — — — — — — — — 0 UNAMA — — — — — — — — — — — — 0 UNAMI — — — — — — — — — — — — 0 Total 97 75 35 32 17 18 12 8 12 18 21 12 357 Annex V Status of investigations into allegations reported in 2006, for personnel of the Department of Peacekeeping Operations 1 January-31 December 2006 Category of personnel Total number of completed investigations conducted by the United Nationsa Total number of cases investigated by the United Nations determined to be unsubstantiated Total number of cases investigated by the United Nations determined to be substantiated and forwarded to OHRM for action Total number of cases determined to be substantiated and forwarded to employer for actionb Total number of cases determined to be substantiated and forwarded to Member State for action (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Civiliansc 12d 9 1 1 N/A United Nations police and corrections 4 3 N/A N/A 1 Militarye 66 53 N/A N/A 13 Total 82 65 1 1 14 a Column 1 is a total of columns 2, 3, 4 and 5 except for civilians, where one individual separated himself from United Nations service prior to the completion of investigations. b Employers refer to entities with which the individual holds an employment contract, including private companies and United Nations Volunteers Bonn. c Includes civilian staff members, United Nations Volunteers and contractors. d One staff member separated himself from United Nations service prior to the completion of investigations. e Includes staff officers, military observers and military contingents. Annex VI Nature of allegations, by personnel of the Department of Peacekeeping Operations Civilian personnel Uniformed personnel Nature of allegation United Nations staff Other United Nations personnel UN police and corrections personnel Military personnel Subtotal Sex with minorsa 0 1 1 3 5 Exploitative sexual relationshipsb 3 0 2 19 24 Sex with prostitutes 0 6 1 36 43 Sexual assaultc 0 0 0 1 1 Raped 0 0 0 2 2 Othere 1 1 0 5 7 Total 4 8 4 66 82 a Includes all acts of sexual exploitation and abuse against minors, including rape and sexual assault and excluding prostitution. b Refers to exchanges of sexual favours for money, food, employment or other goods or services, excluding engaging in prostitution. c In accordance with the Department of Safety and Security “Security Guidelines for Women”, “sexual assault” is any non-consensual act which is forced by one or more persons upon another. d In accordance with the Department of Safety and Security “Security Guidelines for Women”, rape is understood to be sexual intercourse which is achieved without the person’s consent. e Includes pornography involving beneficiaries of assistance. With respect to the numbers of allegations and investigations provided by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations it should be noted that these numbers do not reflect the number of alleged perpetrators nor victims, as multiple allegations could correspond to one alleged perpetrator, whereas one investigation could involve one contingent comprising multiple alleged perpetrators. Several individuals received a combination of sanctions. Resident OIOS offices were established in MONUC, United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL), United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO), United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS), United Nations Operations in Côte d’Ivoire (UNOCI), and United Nations Operations in Burundi (ONUB). On 31 December 2006, ONUB completed its mandate and the OIOS office was closed. Official Records of the General Assembly, Sixty-first Session, Supplement No. 19 (A/61/19 (Part I)), para. 2. 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