5. Identification of further concrete measures and initiatives at all levels for combating and eliminating all manifestations of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, in order to foster the implementation of the DDPA and to address challenges and impediments thereto, including in light of developments since the adoption of the DDPA in 2001. 


Underlines the importance of the implementation of the Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and Discrimination Based on Religion e1981;

…. Considers DDPA as an important milestone in the collective struggle of mankind against the scourge of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerances. As a result of the collective resolve expressed by the UN family in 2001 in Durban, a number of countries have taken substantial steps to incorporate and implement the spirit of DDPA in their national policies framework. Others have worked to streamline their policies in accordance with the character of DDPA. All these steps and efforts indicate progress in many cases. 

Reaffirms that any discrimination based on any ground such as sex, race, colour, ethnic or social origin, genetic features, language, religion or belief, political or any other opinion, membership of a national minority, property, birth, disability, age or sexual orientation shall be prohibited;


Reaffirms the fundamental unity of the human race and that all human beings belong to a single species;


Rejects any doctrine of racial superiority along with theories or doctrines which attempt to determine the existence of separate human races, as well as any implicit acceptance of such theories or doctrines which could emerge from the use of the terms ‘race’ or ‘racial’;

Stresses the need to have a comprehensive and universal approach  of racism and discrimination in all parts of the world;

Requests all States to avoid the establishment of a hierarchy among potential victims of racism and discrimination;

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Expressing concern at the increasing incidence of racism in various sporting events while noting with appreciation the efforts made by some governing bodies of the various sporting codes to combat racism and in this regard inviting all international sporting bodies to promote, through their national, regional and international federations, a world of sport free from racism and racial discrimination;

Nevertheless, there remain daunting challenges to surpass in this battle. A series of very authentic and well researched reports by the Special Rapporteur on racism, racial discrimination and xenophobia testify the increase in the incidence of racism, while as the old and new manifestations persist. Hence the need to deal with this menace in all its forms and manifestations with all available tools at our disposal. A number of independent reports including those from the European Monitoring Centre for Racism and Xenophobia substantiate the Special Rapporteur's findings. 
Intellectual and political resistance to multiculturalism is one of the root causes of the resurgence of racist and xenophobic violence. Rejection of diversity has led to negation of the very humanity of the immigrants, foreigners and minorities. The most serious manifestation of racism is the democratic legitimization of racism and xenophobia in the guise of defending 'national identity or preference'. No country, religion or minority should be discriminated on the grounds of its race, colour and creed. 
… Condemns human rights violations, irrespective of their origin, and is not against reasonable and fair criticism. However, recent events have once again highlighted the need to demarcate the legal contours between freedom of expression and hate speech. OHCHR's proposed Expert Consultations on the permissible limits  to freedom of expression, by taking into account the mandatory prohibition of advocacy of religious hatred, should reach some conclusions and recommendations coming out from the consultations should be worthy of including  in the Review Conference documents.
As has also been highlighted in different reports under agenda item 9, one of the principal reasons fomenting the tide of racism is the growing increase in the right wing extremist political discourse, including in some of the most liberal and pluralistic societies. This trend has led to the deepening of the racist tendencies in those societies through propaganda against immigrants and promotion of   cultural and religious superiority doctrines. Immunity granted to such acts has led to denial of basic human rights to the affected communities including their right to freely practice and preserve their religious and cultural identities. Effective legislation is needed at the national, regional and international levels to curb these tendencies as well as to ensure relief to the victims.

Reaffirms that the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action provide a comprehensive framework to address all forms of racism and discrimination, including their contemporary manifestations;

Call upon  States to continue to address the problems of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance against people of Asian descent and urge States to take all necessary measures to eliminate the barriers that such persons face in participating in economic, social, cultural and political life;

Urge States that have not yet condemned, apologized and paid reparations for the grave and massive violations as well as the massive human suffering caused by slavery, the slave trade, the transatlantic slave trade, apartheid, colonialism and genocide, to do so at the earliest;

Urge States to take serious steps to address the contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance and in this context to take firm action against negative stereotyping of religions and defamation of religious personalities, holy books, scriptures and symbols;  

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Notes the enduring challenge of including the knowledge and history of people of African descent in educational curricula, and celebrates the publication and dissemination of the Manual and Guia de los afrodescendientes de las Américas y el Caribe (“Handbook” and “Guide for people of African descent of the Americas and the Caribbean”), published by the United Nations Children’s Fund;
Urges States to tackle the issue of indigenous young people and those of African descent and violence, particularly in the peri-urban areas of major cities, from a social and human rights perspective in which focus is placed on the strengthening of social capital and the building of the capacities of indigenous young people and those of African descent;
Underscores the need to step up efforts to protect the human rights of migrants, whatever their migratory status, together with the importance of upholding the duty of States Parties to the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations to comply with that Convention, including the obligation on States Parties on whose territory foreign nationals are detained to inform them of their right to communicate with their consular officers, which was upheld in the ruling of the International Court of Justice of 31 March 2004 in the case Avena and Other Mexican Nationals (Mexico v. United States of America);
Encourages States to continue to implement measures to deal with the situation of refugees and those seeking refugee status, taking into account the programmes for borders, cities and resettlements of solidarity proposed in the Mexico Plan of Action to Strengthen International Protection of Refugees in Latin America, adopted in Mexico City in 2004;
Reiterates its concerns regarding acts of violence, discrimination and human rights violations committed against individuals on the grounds of their sexual orientation and gender identity, and invites States, whenever possible, to consider appropriate measures to tackle such problems.
Protecting the human rights of migrants whether regular or irregular; 

Countering anti-immigration ideologies advocating the criminalization of irregular migration with a view to achieving relevant objectives under paragraph 30 of the Durban Programme of Action as well as other relevant international instruments; 

Requests all States to avoid the establishment of a hierarchy among potential victims of racism and discrimination;

Express deep regret the practices of racial discrimination against the Palestinians as well as other inhabitants of the Arab occupied territories which have an impact on all aspects of their daily existence such as to prevent the enjoyment of fundamental rights, express our deep concern about this situation and renew the call for the cessation of all the practices of racial discrimination to which the Palestinians and the other inhabitants of the Arab territories occupied by Israel are subjected;

Reiterate that the Palestinian people continue to be denied the fundamental right of self determination and urge member States to look at the situation of Palestinian people during the Durban Review Conference and implement the provisions of DDPA with a view to bring lasting peace in the Middle East;  

Urge States to provide protection to and address the situation of  women and children who suffer from racial discrimination in the formulation of national programmes of action against racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;

Call upon all States to take specific measures for the promotion and protection of the fundamental rights and freedoms of victims of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance who also belong to vulnerable groups, especially children, youth, the disabled, people with HIV/AIDS, migrants, refugees and indigenous populations;

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Encourages States to devise and implement national and local action plans to foster diversity, equal opportunities, social equity and justice;
Urges States to mainstream the promotion of racial and gender equality when formulating public policies;
Calls upon States to establish and equip specialized State bodies and mechanisms for the implementation of public policies to eradicate racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance and to promote racial equality with suitable financial resources, capability and capacity to survey, investigate, educate and undertake public awareness-raising activities;
Urges States to ensure the independence of national human rights institutions, together with their dovetailing and coordination in practice, both with specialized State bodies and mechanisms and with other civil society stakeholders, particularly in respect of the prevention of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Invites the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean to consider establishing, as part of its mandate, a unit specializing in diversity and nondiscrimination to work with States that so request it in implementing progress made in public policies to manage diversity and assess discrimination gaps, which could also serve as a forum to exchange good practices in efforts to combat racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Calls upon States to put in place policies and to establish mechanisms, including by means of international cooperation, to identify, prevent and punish contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Urges States to promote capacity-building in human rights, tolerance and awarenessraising, through the use of tools and training methods, particularly targeted at eliminating discriminatory behaviour and institutional racism with regard to the intercultural relationships of officials responsible for upholding the law and developing public policies;
Urges States to take measures to ensure that all persons enjoy equal access to high-quality health services, including primary health care; in addition to including training and capacity-building programmes for staff who work in the health sector to prevent discrimination;
Also urges States and encourages non-governmental organizations and the private sector:
To incorporate specific issues relating to the health of the population of African descent into training and capacity-building for health-care professionals;
To promote training and capacity-building for a healthcare sector workforce that is racially and ethnically diverse and motivated to work in communities where services are scant;
To encourage research into the health of the population of African descent;

Urges States to take measures to facilitate access to medication and treatment and public education, capacity-building and information programmes to eradicate violence, stigmatization, discrimination, unemployment and other adverse effects for persons living with HIV/AIDS and other stigmatizing infectious and contagious diseases; and welcomes the convening of the XVII International AIDS Conference, which will take place in Mexico City from 3 to 8 August 2008;

Requests States to broaden the participation of non-governmental organizations and other sectors of civil society in devising, implementing and assessing policies and programmes intended to eradicate racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Invites States to establish, or, where appropriate, to continue boosting, funds to support civil society organizations to bolster their work against racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, thereby guaranteeing their freedom from interference and their participation in the forums that administer and transfer the resources held in such funds;
Urges States and encourages non-governmental organizations and the private sector to endorse the creation of working environments free of discrimination and to promote and protect the rights of workers who are victims of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Also urges States to ensure that their political and legal systems reflect the multicultural diversity within their societies and, where necessary, to develop democratic institutions to make them more fully participatory and thereby avoid the marginalization and exclusion of, and discrimination against, specific sectors of society, studying the possibility of introducing, whenever possible, affirmative action quotas for the election of indigenous and female representatives, together with those of African descent, to parliaments;
Requests States to produce a system of racial equality indicators and/or a racial equality index that, upholding the right to privacy and the principle of selfidentification, makes it possible to assess and guide the formulation of policies and actions to eradicate racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, together with the promotion of racial equality;
Urges States to analyse and restructure their educational systems so that the curricula, fields of study and programmes reflect the universal nature of the human race and the multi-ethnic and multicultural character of the region, and acknowledge the valuable contributions to the formation of national societies by, among others, people of African descent, indigenous peoples and migrants;
Also urges States to agree to ensuring access to education, particularly access for all children to free primary education and access for adults to continuous training and education, based on respect for human rights, diversity and tolerance, free of any form of discrimination;
Calls upon States, where appropriate, to take suitable measures to ensure that persons belonging to national, ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities have access to education free of any form of discrimination and that, whenever possible, they have the opportunity to learn their own language, with a view to protecting them from any form of any racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance of which they could be the target;
Requests States to include in the curriculum for the training and capacitybuilding of teachers topics relating to the importance of respect for diversity, including issues of gender, race and ethnic relations, sexual orientation and gender identity;
Reiterates its concerns regarding acts of violence, discrimination and human rights violations committed against individuals on the grounds of their sexual orientation and gender identity, and invites States, whenever possible, to consider appropriate measures to tackle such problems.
Recommends also that the United Nations create a fellowship programme for people of African descent;
Prohibiting by law, and adopting the necessary policy measures to eliminate, racial profiling and profiling based on any grounds of discrimination recognized under international human rights law, providing for sanctions for those who violate the law and ensuring effective redress for their victims;  
Replicating the policy of a major destination State on the collection, compilation, analysis and publication of reliable statistical data on irregular migrants pursuant to paragraph 92 of the Durban Programme of Action so as: 
	To assess by sector the gap between national labour demand and supply;
	To promote the conclusion of bilateral and multilateral labour agreements to fill this gap and thus to reduce, with a view to its ultimate elimination, irregular migration to destination States and the practice of human trafficking;
Prohibiting by law, and adopting necessary policy measures to combat, the dissemination of all ideas based upon racial superiority or hatred and incitement to hatred;
Ensuring, in relation to the two above-mentioned themes:  
That lawmakers in every country discharge their responsibilities in conformity with paragraph 2 of article 20 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and article 4 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, taking due account of General Comment 15 of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination; 
That model legislation on this issue is elaborated through a joint exercise to be undertaken by the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination and the Human Rights Committee;
That permissible limitations on the exercise of the right to freedom of expression are elaborated and, where appropriate, incorporated into national legislation;
That a voluntary ethical code of conduct is elaborated, in association with the International Federation for Journalists, to address racism in the media and other modern information and communication technologies while taking into account fundamental issues, such as the right to freedom of expression, and to eliminate the projection and perpetuation through the media and new technologies of negative images and stereotypes of African people and people of African descent;
Establishing the necessary complementarity and balance between human rights and fundamental freedoms with a view to fighting racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;

Urging the Human Rights Council to address the denial of genocide, as recognized by the United Nations, as an attempt to undermine the recognition of genocide as a crime under international law;
Combating impunity for acts of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, and maximizing redress for victims of those violations;
Advocating and mobilizing the political will of relevant actors at the national level for the elimination of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Enhancing the roles of cultural diversity and human rights education in promoting tolerance and preventing racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Collecting and analysing empirical evidence necessary to the prevention and monitoring of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Operationalizing the recommendation of the Special Rapporteurs on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance and freedom of religion or belief that the Human Rights Council invite member States to promote and practice dialogue among cultures, civilizations and religions as a profound way of combating racial and religious intolerance. To that end, the following approaches are suggested:
Promotion of reciprocal knowledge among cultures, civilizations and religions, with a particular emphasis on value systems;
Adoption of policies and programmes in the fields of education, social, economic and cultural life favouring interactions among communities;
Recognition of the value of cultural and religious diversity associated with the promotion of unity within society; 
Creation of conditions that facilitate encounters, dialogue and joint action for social harmony, peace, human rights and development, and combat all forms and manifestations of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Elaborating, in each country where they do not exist, within the framework of national human rights programmes, targets and actions in the field of capacity-building and a programme of human rights education and identification of needs and shortcomings associated with international cooperation;
Defining, within the framework of national human rights programmes, targets and actions in compliance with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights aimed at, among other things, eliminating discrimination of any kind, such as on the basis of race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status;
Devising programmes and the creation of national institutions responsible for human rights issues in accordance with the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action of 1993 and the Paris Principles

Inviting, in this context, the Fédération Internationale de Football Association, in connection with the 2010 Football World Cup tournament to be held in South Africa, to introduce a visible theme on non-racism in football and requesting the High Commissioner for Human Rights in her capacity as the Secretary-General of the Durban Review Conference to bring this invitation to the attention of the Federation and to bring the issue of racism in sport to the attention of other relevant international sporting bodies;

Some of the other normative and preventive measure that have been proposed over time during discussions on the subject of Review mechanisms include; a) mandatory prohibition by law to eliminate racio-religious profiling or profiling based on any grounds of discrimination recognized under international human rights law with the legal action against perpetrators and effective remedies for the victims; b) legal restrictions on the dissemination of all ideas based upon racial superiority or hatred and incitement to hatred; c) in pursuance of the paragraph 144 of the DDPA, media representative should draw up a their our code of conduct; d) as proposed by the Special Representative on Racism, establishment of national, regional and international monitoring bodies for racist and xenophobic acts, including the OHCHR observatory for racist incidents; e) emphasis on the role of cultural diversity and human rights education in promoting tolerance and preventing racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance; 
Requests all States to give more attention to multiple and aggravated forms of discrimination and to fight them with increased determination;

Requests  the Office of the High Commissioner to strengthen its  early warning procedure to detect signs of ethnic tensions and violence, in collaboration with CERD, the Special Adviser on the prevention of genocide and other parts of the UN;

Urges States, as appropriate, to establish, strengthen, review and reinforce the effectiveness of truly independent national human rights institutions, particularly on issues of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, in conformity with the Paris Principles and to provide them with adequate financial resources, competence and capacity for investigation, research, education and public awareness activities to combat these phenomena;

Urge States to continue implementing Durban Declaration and Programme of Action effectively and to adopt or strengthen as required, as a matter of high priority, laws, policies and measures aimed at countering and eradicating racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;

Invite States to consider affirmative action and other equity-oriented public policies which attempt to remedy and overcome historical exclusions;

Urge States that have not yet condemned, apologized and paid reparations for the grave and massive violations as well as the massive human suffering caused by slavery, the slave trade, the transatlantic slave trade, apartheid, colonialism and genocide, to do so at the earliest;

Call upon States to promote and protect the exercise of the rights set out in the Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and of Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief, proclaimed by the General Assembly in its resolution 36/55 of 25 November 1981, in order to obviate religious discrimination which, when combined with certain other forms of discrimination, constitutes a form of multiple discrimination;

Recommend that the use of the new information technologies, including the Internet, should contribute to combating racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance and that they should also be used to promote tolerance and respect for diversity;

Call upon States to prevent, through all appropriate means, stereotyping of any ethnic, racial, national, cultural, religious and linguistic group, and encourage objective and balanced portrayals of people, events and history, especially in the media, recognizing the profound influence that such portrayals have on societal perceptions of groups whose members are frequently victims of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;

Call upon States to develop social policies, as appropriate, in order to encourage stable and harmonious relationships between different nations, peoples and groups, fostering mutual understanding, solidarity, tolerance and the development of a culture of peace;

Encourage all States and relevant international organizations to initiate and develop cultural and educational programmes aimed at countering racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance and enhancing mutual understanding amongst various cultures and civilizations;

Urge States to disseminate information, through appropriate means, including the use of the media and school curricula, to promote a spirit of respect for diversity and inclusiveness amongst the various racial, ethnic, national, linguistic and cultural groups;

Call on States to ensure that law enforcement and immigration officials and personnel conduct their work in a manner in which the respect for the human rights of non-citizens and migrants shall be fully respected; 

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Also urges States to develop and take measures to spur on efforts to combat racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, taking into account such challenges as the political manipulation of the phenomenon of racism and xenophobia and the efforts to accord ideological, scientific and intellectual legitimization to racist and xenophobic discourse and practices that consider ethnic or racial origin and immigration to at the root of social, economic and political problems;
Urges States to take the measures required to extend protection against all discriminatory and intolerant practices, including those based on race, colour, descent, national or ethnic origin, nationality, age, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity and expression, language, religion, political or any other opinion, social origin, social and economic status, level of education, status as a migrant, refugee or repatriated person, stateless person or internally displaced person, the fact of living with an infectious or contagious disease or any other stigmatizing mental or physical health condition, genetic characteristic, disability, incapacitating mental condition or any other social condition, which has the purpose or effect of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal footing, of one or more human rights or fundamental freedoms enshrined in applicable international instruments;
Notes the importance of protecting people from all forms of discrimination, acknowledging that the existence of multiple and aggravated forms of discrimination underscores the need for cross-cutting policies;
Urges States to adopt and enforce legal and administrative measures at the national and local levels, or to strengthen existing measures, with the aim of preventing and punishing expressly and specifically contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance in public and private life;
Urges States to undertake without delay thoroughgoing, exhaustive and impartial investigations into all acts of racism and racial discrimination, and to prosecute as a matter of course offences of a racist or xenophobic nature, where applicable, or to promote or facilitate relevant legal proceedings with regard to offences of a racist or xenophobic nature, to ensure that high priority is accorded, consistently and energetically, to criminal and civil investigations into and trials for offences of a racist or xenophobic nature and to ensure the right to equal treatment before the courts and other bodies administering justice;
Also urges States to investigate and take appropriate measures concerning the consequential effects of racism on all spheres of the enforcement of criminal law, in particular policing, court decisions, prison rehabilitation and the granting of release on parole or other legal benefits for prisoners;
Urges States to formulate, implement and ensure compliance with practical measures to eradicate the phenomenon commonly known as “racial profiling”, which includes the practice whereby police officers and other officials responsible for upholding the law act on the basis, to some extent or other, of race, colour, descent or ethnic or national origin as a reason for investigating persons or determining if a person is committing offences;
Urges States to bolster protection against racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, thereby ensuring that everyone enjoys access to the administration of justice, competent national tribunals and other State institutions and mechanisms, in order to seek just and adequate reparation or satisfaction for any damage suffered as a result of such discrimination, and also stresses the importance for complainants of acts of racism and racial discrimination to have access to the protection of the law and the courts, and draws attention to the need to raise awareness of judicial recourse and other existing legal remedies and for these to be easily accessible, speedy and not excessively complicated;
Urges States, bearing in mind migrants’ economic and cultural contributions to their destination societies and communities of origin, to formulate and put in place policies and action plans to foster harmony and tolerance between migrants and their host societies with a view to eliminating manifestations of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, including acts of violence;
Stresses the seriousness of racist and xenophobic behaviour and practices in country entry points and in reception and waiting areas, and urges States not to permit these areas to be turned into areas operating outside the law for non-nationals in general, and, above all, for immigrants and asylum-seekers;
Urges States to pass and implement legislation to combat trafficking in persons, particularly women and children, including people of African descent, indigenous peoples and other vulnerable groups, together with trafficking in migrants, taking into account the practices that endanger human lives or cause various forms of slavery and exploitation, such as debt bondage, child pornography and sexual and labour exploitation, and urges States to bring into force and strengthen their national plans to combat trafficking offences and to earmark financial and human resources to ensure that the law is upheld, along with the protection of victims and the restitution of their rights, and also bolster bilateral, regional and international cooperation, particularly with the Special Rapporteur on the human rights aspects of the victims of trafficking in persons, especially women and children, and with non-governmental organizations that provide assistance to victims;
Urges States to focus new investments on health care, education, public health, electricity, drinking water and environmental control, together with other affirmative action measures in communities principally comprising people of African descent and indigenous peoples;
Urges States to adopt all necessary measures, in particular, by means of policies and programmes, to tackle racism and race-based violence against women and girls, and to boost cooperation, prescriptive responses and the effective implementation of national legislation and obligations under relevant international instruments and other protective and preventive measures to eradicate all forms of discrimination and violence based on racial discrimination against women and girls;
Urges States to include in their domestic legislation such criminal, civil and administrative provisions, in addition to those of any other nature, that may be required to prevent, punish and eradicate violence against women and to take the appropriate administrative measures required;
Calls upon States to consider implementing more widespread and systematic discrimination testing (‘situation testing’) in order to facilitate a clearer assessment of the magnitude and mechanisms of discrimination in areas such as education, employment, housing and health provision, and to provide evidence with which to supplement official data.

Call upon  States to continue to address the problems of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance against people of Asian descent and urge States to take all necessary measures to eliminate the barriers that such persons face in participating in economic, social, cultural and political life;

Urge States to amend, rescind or nullify, as required, laws and regulations which create, perpetuate or contribute to racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;

Urge States to adopt, and implement strictly, stringent laws against political platforms and ideologies based on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance or doctrines of racial or national superiority;

Encourage  States to establish and strengthen, where required, national human rights institutions,  and other similar entities to address problems connected to endemic racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance and to assist victims of such discrimination in areas of their jurisdiction;

Urge States to take necessary measures to denounce, actively discourage and prohibit the transmission of racist and xenophobic messages through all communications media, including new communications technologies such as the Internet;

Call upon the world media to establish and disseminate through their relevant associations and organizations a code of ethical conduct with a view to prohibiting the proliferation of ideas of superiority and the justification of racial or religious hatred and discrimination in any form, and promoting mutual respect and tolerance among all peoples; 

Urge States to establish national programmes to promote the access, without any discrimination, of migrants and other racial, ethnic, national, cultural, religious  and linguistic groups or minorities and indigenous populations, where they exist, to basic social services, including primary education and basic health care;

Calls on the Human Rights Council to suitably observe annually the UN General Assembly designated International Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Slavery and the Transatlantic Slave Trade (25th March) and to consider, inter alia, building on the efforts of the Slave Route Project of UNESCO. 

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Acknowledges the need to make progress in including a gender focus in programmes of action against racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance in order to tackle the phenomenon of multiple and aggravated discrimination against women;
Encourages States to devise and implement national and local action plans to foster diversity, equal opportunities, social equity and justice;
Urges States to mainstream the promotion of racial and gender equality when formulating public policies;
Calls upon States to establish and equip specialized State bodies and mechanisms for the implementation of public policies to eradicate racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance and to promote racial equality with suitable financial resources, capability and capacity to survey, investigate, educate and undertake public awareness-raising activities;
Urges States to ensure the independence of national human rights institutions, together with their dovetailing and coordination in practice, both with specialized State bodies and mechanisms and with other civil society stakeholders, particularly in respect of the prevention of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Invites the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean to consider establishing, as part of its mandate, a unit specializing in diversity and nondiscrimination to work with States that so request it in implementing progress made in public policies to manage diversity and assess discrimination gaps, which could also serve as a forum to exchange good practices in efforts to combat racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Urges States to take measures to ensure that all persons enjoy equal access to high-quality health services, including primary health care; in addition to including training and capacity-building programmes for staff who work in the health sector to prevent discrimination;
Urges States to implement measures to fulfil the right of each person to enjoy the maximum level attainable of physical and mental health, in seeking to eliminate imbalances in health conditions that can stem from racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Urges States to put in place policies to promote ethnic and racial diversity in the labour market to meet the need for, in particular, the practical incorporation of women of African descent into the labour market, in both the public and private sectors, and in income and employment-generation programmes;
Urges States, stressing the importance of cooperation between countries of origin, transit and destination to ensure the full protection of the human rights of all migrants and in the light of the increase in migration flows, to devise policies to escort and protect nationals abroad in accordance with the applicable legal arrangements;
Urges the international community, in upholding the principles of shared responsibility and solidarity, to join together in offering financial support to States in the full enforcement of international legal provisions governing refugees, particularly in obtaining lasting solutions to the general problem of refugeeism;
Urges Member States, in discharging their responsibility to internally displaced persons, using comprehensive strategies, based on a human rights perspective and specialized public care policies, to undertake to provide such persons with protection and assistance during their displacement through their competent national institutions, and urges them to commit themselves to seeking lasting solutions, including their safe return, in dignified conditions, in accordance with the will of the internally displaced persons, leading to their resettlement and reintegration, whether in their country of origin or in the receiving community;
Urges States to put into practice affirmative action programmes with a view to promoting genuine equal opportunities and treatment for indigenous students and those of African descent in access to, and remaining in, all levels of high-quality education, particularly higher education, together with equality and non-discrimination in access to employment;
Calls upon States to make progress in formulating programmes and measures to eradicate multiple or aggravated discrimination, particularly gender-based discrimination;
Calls upon States to include a gender perspective in action programmes against racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance and to consider the burden of discrimination weighing, in particular, upon indigenous women and those of African descent, together with women from other disadvantaged groups, so that their access to productive resources on equal terms with men is ensured, as a means of promoting their participation in the economic and productive development of their communities;
Calls upon States to promote social equity, gender equality and women’s human rights by strengthening and promoting women’s full and equal participation in the political process in their countries and in the decision-making process at all levels;
Urges States to promote policies to ensure equal pay for equal work between men and women, together with equal pay for work of equal value;
Calls upon States to produce data and indicators disaggregated by race and ethnicity, whether in undertaking censuses or in gathering, compiling, analysing and disseminating the data, at the national and local levels, which must also take into consideration such social and economic indicators as average income, access to health services, maternal and infant mortality, life expectancy, literacy rate, access to education, employment opportunities, quality of housing, land ownership and access to water, health and communications services;
Urges States to take measures that, consonant with international human rights standards and the respective legal systems of each State, ensure access and/or collective ownership of the lands that have traditionally been owned, occupied or used in another form by indigenous peoples and those of African descent, in addition to promoting the productive use thereof, the comprehensive development of the community and the respect for its culture and the particular characteristics of its decision-making processes;
Urges States to improve governmental and inter-institutional coordination mechanisms between countries of the region in efforts to combat all forms of discrimination and to strengthen cooperation thereon with regional and international organizations;
Calls for the strengthening of the existing network of specialized State bodies and mechanisms for racial equality, efforts to combat racism and the rights of indigenous peoples;
Acknowledges the need to allocate additional funds to implement antidiscrimination policies and the significance of international cooperation and technical assistance in that area;
Urges States to conclude, as swiftly as possible, negotiations on the draft interAmerican convention against racism and all forms of discrimination and intolerance;
Calls upon States to develop, in cooperation with multilateral organizations, internet service providers, private sector stakeholders and civil society, and taking into account the principles of multilateralism, democracy and transparency, a coordinated global strategy to formulate a voluntary code of conduct to prevent the dissemination of messages of racial hatred and intolerance;
Urges the Human Rights Committee to clarify the scope and content of article 20 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights within the framework of its general comments with the aim, among other things, of defining an appropriate threshold for enacting relevant legislation;
Invites the Human Rights Committee and the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination to adopt a joint general comment on article 20 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and article 4 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination further clarifying and defining, inter alia, States’ obligations thereunder and the threshold beyond which an act constitutes a violation thereof, bearing in mind general comment 11 of the Human Rights Committee and general recommendation 15 of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination; 
Establishing national, regional and international bodies to monitor racist and xenophobic acts, including the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights observatory for racist incidents proposed by the Special Rapporteur on racism. Those bodies should also undertake a detection role in relation to potential conflict based on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Inviting the High Commissioner for Human Rights to upgrade the AntiDiscrimination Unit of her office so that it better serves the mechanisms established for the follow-up and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and interacts effectively with all partners, including civil society, in the global work against racism;
National laws alone cannot deal with the rising tide of defamation and hatred against Muslims, especially if such trends are spreading to the grass root communities. A framework is needed to analyze national laws and understand their provisions. This could then be compiled in a single universal document as guidelines for legislation – aimed at countering defamation of religions. 
Requests States to respect and implement the responsibility to protect in conformity with paragraphs  138-139-of the World Summit Outcome;

Urge States, regional and international organizations and civil society to continue promoting respect for multiracial, multicultural, and multi-ethnic aspects of societies and to spread human rights awareness, with a view to combating all forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;

Urge States to initiate public information campaigns to promote respect for the values of diversity, pluralism, tolerance, mutual respect, cultural sensitivity, integration and inclusiveness;

Renew its call for international efforts to promote an understanding between different civilizations and cultures so as to counter attempts at cultural and civilizational domination and imposition motivated by racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;

Call upon all Member states to continue international efforts to enhance dialogue and broaden understanding among civilizations, in an effort to prevent the discriminatory targeting of different religions and cultures;

Invite States to promote intercultural and inter-religious dialogue and cooperation at all levels, especially the local and grass-roots levels; 

Encourage States to promote at the national level strategies, programmes and policies, including affirmative action, for the full realization of the civil and political rights of victims of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, including through more effective access to political, judicial and administrative institutions, as well as the need to promote access to justice free from racial discrimination of any kind;

Encourage States to promote at the national level strategies, policies and programmes, including affirmative action, for the promotion and protection of the economic, social and cultural rights of all victims of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance and for affording greater opportunities to them to share in the prosperity and wealth of the societies they live in, as well as for guaranteeing that the benefits of development, science and technology contribute effectively to the improvement of the quality of life of such victims;

Resolve to extend international cooperation to maximize the benefits of globalization with a view to the realization of economic, social and  cultural rights and the right to development as a major contribution to the fight against racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;

Urge states to adopt and enforce legal and administrative measures at the national and local levels with the aim of preventing, investigating and bringing to trial and punishing any acts prompted by contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance by any law-enforcement officials;

Call on states to ensure that any measures taken in the fight against terrorism do not discriminate, in purpose or effect, on the grounds of race, colour, descent, or national or ethnic origin as well as on the grounds of culture, religion and language and that non-citizens are not subjected to racial or ethnic profiling or stereotyping;

Taking into account the difficulties encountered by the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination in its activity, the United Nations should strive to enhance the Committee’s capabilities by providing it with more time and resources to enable it to discharge fully its mandate under the 1965 Convention

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Emphasize the need to guarantee the promotion and protection of the rights of the victims of racism, racial discrimination and xenophobia through the effective implementation of the DDPA as well as the agreed recommendations of its follow up mechanisms and suggest some of the ways which could help strengthen the follow up mechanisms as follows:
Relevant recommendations must also find place in the new international standards to be developed in the area of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance as well as mainstreaming the subject of racism throughout the UN system,

Stress the importance of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination and xenophobia and related intolerance, and express  support for his future work while welcoming efforts undertaken so far in carrying out his mandate;
Stresses the importance of the work of the Ad Hoc Committee on the Elaboration of Complementary Standards to elaborate a basic document to fill the gaps in the existing international treaties about the elimination of all forms of racial discrimination;
Call upon the Durban Review Conference to provide guidelines for States taking into account the assessment of various Durban follow up mechanisms as well as the recommendations of the Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance on the issue of defamation or negative stereotyping of religions; 

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Urges States to consider ratifying the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and acknowledges the importance of the relevant international instruments and the appropriateness of taking those measures required to protect the human rights of all persons with disabilities and to integrate them fully into the social and employment spheres;
Reaffirms that universal accession to the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination and full compliance therewith are of paramount importance for the prevention of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, including contemporary forms of racism and racial discrimination, and for the promotion of equality and non-discrimination throughout the world;
Expresses its commitment to attaining the universal ratification of the Convention in this hemisphere and urges all countries that have not yet done so to consider the possibility of making the declaration provided for in article 14 of the Convention;
Expresses its concern at the delays in the submission of reports to the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, a situation that hinders the Committee’s effective operation, and strongly appeals to all States Parties to the Convention to comply with their legal obligations under the Convention and the Committee’s recommendations;
Urges States to include in their national reports to the universal periodic review mechanism of the United Nations Human Rights Council information on the measures being taken to combat discrimination;
Invites States that are not yet Parties to the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families to consider acceding to and ratifying this instrument, so as to promote respect for the human rights of migrant workers and to create an environment in which discrimination can be eradicated and lead to the full social integration of this group;
Encourage States that are not yet parties to the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families to consider doing so as a matter or priority in order to promote a more open and fair international environment in which the rights of migrants can be fully ensured and respected; 

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Calls upon States, taking into account the good practices mentioned in part III, to formulate cooperative programmes to promote equal opportunities in favour of victims of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance and encourages them to propose the creation of multilateral cooperative programmes with the same objective;
Sharing best practices in the elimination of all forms and manifestations of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;

Invites the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights to help disseminate best practices in terms of national action plans and legislation;

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